tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-63364841234857998412024-03-28T12:19:21.395-07:00CHIP NOTESTucson Audubon Society's BlogTucson Audubonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05724371850029684247noreply@blogger.comBlogger334125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6336484123485799841.post-29340673479191775552024-03-25T15:01:00.003-07:002024-03-28T12:18:49.528-07:00Swallows Under Our Bridges<p><b>By Dan Weisz</b></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img height="403" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/b_w9-8WZTC6KVBYaTOVUQ__KXM7aL-SsbmvdGaN5bEKiSUlh1qrqoKc9zhBna24JvlnyO7X4IzfKhxToOW9B955HcLMeRGEK3u9T0HqrwDTzLIkKowKk9XlwAwlVpOYoU1nokM3ivlDhJ25rbCXIwrM=w640-h403" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="640" /></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>All images by Dan Weisz</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p>A nearby bridge is the home to a number of nests of Cliff Swallows. They winter in South America but summer throughout most of the United States and are returning to Southeast Arizona right now. They build gourd-shaped nests out of mud on the undersides of bridges and overhangs. Last year, the Cliff Swallows at this bridge were busy catching insects for young in the nests. When they caught a number of insects, they would return to the nests to feed the young inside. The color patterns on Cliff Swallows are interesting.<br /><br /> <img height="512" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/HO4CFMFA2oizkS3ZQQk2_Yuc2zbG_pBvS1Ki4qd14RubH08R1TtRg68ei-arnKz0ecj5jDTxr9adqo9nk2Se1FYbYcMnrQWEV66HOz280V71P7e4kmOrK0DHTzB0AbQljSOPXSE24YBdKIdeY4cNAv4=w640-h512" width="640" /><br /><br /><a href="https://www.birdnote.org/listen/shows/how-cliff-swallows-build-nest">Birdnote</a> tells us how Cliff Swallows build their substantial nests. How many little pieces of mud were used to construct this nest? At this point, with young in the nest, the adults will enter the nest with food, spend about a minute in the nest, and then emerge to begin hunting once again. Both parents assist in hunting for food.<br /><br />This is what it <a href="https://macaulaylibrary.org/asset/50914911">sounded like</a> under the bridge as a group of Cliff Swallows approached the nests. Sometimes the swallows would just fly nearby and then leave the area. Sometimes they would enter nests with food and then leave a minute later. The air was quiet while they were out hunting but would fill with these sounds as the tiny swarm of birds approached the bridge. This Cliff Swallow burst out of its nest. Cliff Swallows seem to have just one speed: fast!<br /><br /> <img height="640" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/CNkIS6oJQ0zrtr7NgkEwBbDHVKdP1LdKa66Lt1W_8ULS1dXBfASJRogbgNsalyNj2eyjtW98qxR70RHua4PKz9rpN3ScJsYdyMgxmVHNzJlIc7LGta_yXMKftQ1DsYY17skr7QVvVtOSnsKGJs0UAYk=w640-h640" width="640" /><br /><br />I’ve recently been able to capture a few photos of Cliff Swallows in the air. It’s not the easiest of tasks as they are very fast fliers and they fly very erratically. <br /><br /> <img height="512" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/4R2Oe6J3ZXgX0uNziJqeGMZdm0mjgpdQfoGoWRDkCrXX4MvPDWplRTFSbe0QtbSKzFtu5bG2uMKTsXKizt7Gq9tKQDDOzY_FbrNtuOyAcSJ53QU8hrGt4L-Mo09jFE8h7bcAV-kJXJEy68WCNNOZ-ss=w640-h512" width="640" /><br /><br />This Cliff Swallow seems to be carrying a bill-full of mud. Perhaps it is doing some kind of home repairs now.<br /><br /> <img height="512" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/gcedkxYRbHD7p3z8yQl93Pca6E4IDKJH406yqn-bffn7-n7vbq1lroqmZBEDKRyBPbea0PnnUVhX7VuHs_qGy3iD1qFjGeTt4j5U9_q3wpwE22ngGCjuH31Z1U8BexAbknosCTu_2tLTrgGXsdhFTLw=w640-h512" width="640" /><br /><br /> Cliff Swallows often hunt in small groups. Perhaps they sense that if there is one insect in the air, there just may be a swarm of insects there. The photo below was taken on a different morning from the other Cliff Swallow pictures. The sky was much cloudier that morning. Looks like there is one insect that may have had a close call as the swallows fly by.<br /><br /> <img height="512" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/zE_L8cdVl54JXotIoTTcEmiWAuhZrI3-LKFQeRpvuDhJw9o8_2z2iNLaQMDvFluGmKzbswywIOyXdVSz9EjJxVOdwNDG5mr2WUO9qAhhM2q-6v-BcXCDl9soY8xySZhO3bOR_xjqdYDmFLqKzYJ4FJk=w640-h512" width="640" /><br /><br /> The earlier photos showed the underside of the Cliff Swallow. This shows its ‘dorsal’ side, its back and rusty red rump patch.<br /><br /> <img height="512" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/37ALbYFvLw8Ml6YAdAVfoCVfJXyiq53hktxDPrC3V2Zied_so0CwWOu8Jrh77yIS4LLJU2cvAlqqvp_LGFvLGssVvELIsWzG31FOhgTSTCxmSdbCr1T56GrGkhtX73r-bK1waZ8b8yF3YlRtNQ96ovc=w640-h512" width="640" /><br /><br /> Cliff Swallows come to North America every summer to breed. The range map below tells you where they winter (in blue) and where (in orange) they live during our spring breeding season. Can you imagine how many hundreds or thousands of miles those little birds travel each year?<br /><br /> <img height="640" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/VADg0VriMrW6MCoifvnIso54cYh6bCM6pj7Tk0P_OMtOHSs65nCZxVo0BbaZbzSoZrxh9vCFQfenmQ1mYVFdqE9ZCIk8ZWUapkPEDwgmX7TrEs9gN3X6qxlPcDL7lp4hvAvm8sg-Lz-h8iEpOEZ9M9Q=w484-h640" width="484" /><br /><br /> Yet another Cliff Swallow flew homeward towards its nest with its prize. Both the males and the females provide food for young in the nest. </p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifzqMhxdtPC6aX4fWv-UzPQcpQZW1s4kdeWp8fyHPJe3veLRAWyc-ExAM1DSM8z4YQT39n4_mZ2-FFsE-pgtSPp8cbhyDXCsF6gaaGc6pJsNOZqFwuByLVSCFQ9FFZ72ZFA2t2_p9mDNSAlppEUtH8No3N_L5ChFQRw0iXiwDAGdejeLJCP2W1hh4fYLk/s800/clsw2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="640" data-original-width="800" height="512" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifzqMhxdtPC6aX4fWv-UzPQcpQZW1s4kdeWp8fyHPJe3veLRAWyc-ExAM1DSM8z4YQT39n4_mZ2-FFsE-pgtSPp8cbhyDXCsF6gaaGc6pJsNOZqFwuByLVSCFQ9FFZ72ZFA2t2_p9mDNSAlppEUtH8No3N_L5ChFQRw0iXiwDAGdejeLJCP2W1hh4fYLk/w640-h512/clsw2.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><p></p><p>It’s almost as if this Cliff Swallow turned to acknowledge me as it zoomed by. I assured it that my intentions were innocent.<br /><br /> <img height="512" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/AQ6ODzxaItNFzUyP2Vj_s1tuhtQIKC0Fg2_nt2wkofq1xvHIepVO3dGPxjBUR5epNkW8uCobkQT08qSGHN-WJHrS6P6RQGahMq17wARlzxHnALmIFbsoUmlYniXRzo67MpHKHvk2_yNST4IS1S-ouhY=w640-h512" width="640" /><br /><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><i></i></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><i><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCTAUAI1pIRXvGOfo7719u8HE7x0tdYRlBfjiMovzDcy_Tzq5D-8zi7HpMVQFOQgb2tkY6JpqHrHKYLM674jL4k_pr_6mTGD5OHNa09AeEDiwrgaeazcJr7HPHgYBEbVnMukpHaFr04eiJUr8C6oMoK-mKCkeKGaB_3Yat660vImkSM49S6oCLO-ePBX8/s1080/Dan%20Weisz.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1080" data-original-width="1080" height="129" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCTAUAI1pIRXvGOfo7719u8HE7x0tdYRlBfjiMovzDcy_Tzq5D-8zi7HpMVQFOQgb2tkY6JpqHrHKYLM674jL4k_pr_6mTGD5OHNa09AeEDiwrgaeazcJr7HPHgYBEbVnMukpHaFr04eiJUr8C6oMoK-mKCkeKGaB_3Yat660vImkSM49S6oCLO-ePBX8/w129-h129/Dan%20Weisz.jpg" width="129" /></a></i></div><i><br />Dan Weisz is </i><i>a native Tucsonan and retired educator who enjoys
birding, being in nature, and taking photographs.</i><p></p>Tucson Audubonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14909205833542750535noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6336484123485799841.post-52215336441031383072024-03-08T08:45:00.000-07:002024-03-08T08:45:45.361-07:00A Sonoran Desert Spring Classic: the Tubac Hawk Watch<p><b>By Matt Griffiths</b></p><p><b><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzJVDwNKCHSN4uPzVW8qxEsuRQJZlXNf5FxHPSGdeeS2DU4E2YhG5z-phjwugIRsojacBpKwN3agtF9z-hHj3vs51uFAL-e-fWz0IeQkfCMYcikX2FWD3CQHGlgoOWEw0ELaI_7jqEr8TRyles40DYRGb7_-52m24Jc9IWNhsmkl7DkJglIkKoid1zlB4/s2048/GRHA%20Matthew%20Studebaker.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1366" data-original-width="2048" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzJVDwNKCHSN4uPzVW8qxEsuRQJZlXNf5FxHPSGdeeS2DU4E2YhG5z-phjwugIRsojacBpKwN3agtF9z-hHj3vs51uFAL-e-fWz0IeQkfCMYcikX2FWD3CQHGlgoOWEw0ELaI_7jqEr8TRyles40DYRGb7_-52m24Jc9IWNhsmkl7DkJglIkKoid1zlB4/w640-h426/GRHA%20Matthew%20Studebaker.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Gray Hawk, Matthew Studebaker</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table></b><br />As winter becomes spring in the Sonoran Desert during the month of March, many people think of baseball diamonds and the return of the great American pastime. A visit to Ron Morriss County Park in Tubac at this time might prove otherwise as the baseball field is empty and the sidelines are filled with people watching for flying hawks instead of fly balls. <br /><br />In a spring classic that's been occurring for untold generations, migrating raptors utilize our region on their way to locations further north. You might wonder why these birds would choose the seemingly sparse desert to travel through, especially since some of them have flown all the way from Argentina! The keys to this puzzle are the amazingly rich and diverse riparian areas that lie along the Santa Cruz and San Pedro Rivers. These two lush corridors are a part of the Madrean Sky Island region, an area of high mountain ranges and low arid valleys that has a species diversity rivaling any on earth due to its being a meeting point for multiple major ecosystems. It’s here that animals and plants of the Sonoran and Chihuahuan Deserts mix with those found in the Rocky Mountains and the Sierra Madre Occidental in Mexico. The two rivers are homes or stop-over points for 84 mammal species, 14 fish species, 41 reptiles and amphibians, and two-thirds of all the birds in the US, including roughly 100 species of breeding birds and 300 migrating birds. The cottonwood and willow riparian forests and adjacent mesquite bosque of the Santa Cruz and San Pedro Rivers are resource-rich oases in the desert where migrating hawks and other raptors can find food and places to spend the night on their long journeys northward. <br /><br />The trickle of raptor migration begins in late February, and by the third week of March, the faucet of flying birds is turned on to full force! There are many places to view this avian spectacle, but the epicenter is undoubtedly Ron Morriss Park in Tubac. On most March mornings you will find groups of people discussing bird identification and peering into spotting scopes as each new wave of birds comes into view. The veterans of the scene don’t need optics most of the time and can tell a Common Black Hawk from a Zone-tailed Hawk from miles away. They can also help you figure out a bird—it’s a great learning experience! As can be imagined, this is a pretty happening social scene too.</p><p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKwH1KyjG_VPtPXBtuh-jUxNREJk8VBt3p20Q5Oq9HUimnxphyphenhyphenlUR0C9KhF7MqmN2svihnjXjiMeb6MZmjfJOTJ6HoVeKc4KWEenJC3NghHTav_9-lIuGPBFwPOfjI6f7N1qQtGlFyWxVUduVYSL9UnFIfFyUIneeEC5J9C9sMf131cRFqhyphenhyphenTOkmMjNvw/s3000/Tubac%20hawk%20watch_Eric%20Scheuering-large(1).jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2250" data-original-width="3000" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKwH1KyjG_VPtPXBtuh-jUxNREJk8VBt3p20Q5Oq9HUimnxphyphenhyphenlUR0C9KhF7MqmN2svihnjXjiMeb6MZmjfJOTJ6HoVeKc4KWEenJC3NghHTav_9-lIuGPBFwPOfjI6f7N1qQtGlFyWxVUduVYSL9UnFIfFyUIneeEC5J9C9sMf131cRFqhyphenhyphenTOkmMjNvw/w640-h480/Tubac%20hawk%20watch_Eric%20Scheuering-large(1).jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>The Hawk Watch is a pretty happening scene</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWM5aIpeCSnFEie90o_Wajx0xk0VdLwNHYv2xqkGsQM7Lo5Ct__ZIabuFtanOKo-wT_lPqH5NmzUXtzynf4rzKvQMlPhnwVr_A8cL4EazzbwiYHws_p-aCXZZiOTRi3nPLJryjgUUb1RLgWe0TMnW6N_pTVGVmUvur7_Jxmt_RloEU-ufT1XmuCB59rEw/s1485/COBH_Ned%20Harris.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="819" data-original-width="1485" height="352" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWM5aIpeCSnFEie90o_Wajx0xk0VdLwNHYv2xqkGsQM7Lo5Ct__ZIabuFtanOKo-wT_lPqH5NmzUXtzynf4rzKvQMlPhnwVr_A8cL4EazzbwiYHws_p-aCXZZiOTRi3nPLJryjgUUb1RLgWe0TMnW6N_pTVGVmUvur7_Jxmt_RloEU-ufT1XmuCB59rEw/w640-h352/COBH_Ned%20Harris.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>The Common Black Hawks are the stars of the show, Ned Harris</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br />The Hawk Watch leader will count and create a tally of all raptors for each day, from roughly 8 am until noon. Bring a chair and a hot beverage, and when the temps start to warm up a bit, watch as birds lift off from the tall cottonwoods in front of you to ride the thermal updrafts, sometimes passing right over your head! The Black and Zone-tailed Hawks will likely be the numerous stars of the show, but there will also be a healthy dose of Cooper’s Hawks, Swainson’s Hawks, and the many colorations of different types of Red-tailed Hawks—another great learning opportunity! Peregrine Falcons might zip by and an early Gray Hawk might call from the trees or fly over. You'll see large kettles of vultures, both Turkey and Black, and possibly a Golden Eagle will join the aerial parade above you. There are always a few surprises each year such as the recent juvenile Bald Eagle that excited folks, and the White-tailed Kite that flew by at the exact same time! When the birds and sightings get going at a frantic pace, people will be calling out birds left and right and you’ll really feel like you’re a part of something special.</p><p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQPm9A9jbPOELdDKnxWs6cOeU72TbNetpCAO-g20sI_09FYAKmts_apBKnwpkD_NXRxsjrL1C6-o5U-KypkKmcSqX8nKotbnhzPe_mIp8K5PA5t_230HQhpWJNqmE_Xj-UWbz12QRLsOYGh9SlOz3A_FJxVa52M1duO644AcBFBom2fjJKEx7A4pd8SSE/s1300/Peregrine%20Falcon_Nick%20Pulcinella.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="815" data-original-width="1300" height="402" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQPm9A9jbPOELdDKnxWs6cOeU72TbNetpCAO-g20sI_09FYAKmts_apBKnwpkD_NXRxsjrL1C6-o5U-KypkKmcSqX8nKotbnhzPe_mIp8K5PA5t_230HQhpWJNqmE_Xj-UWbz12QRLsOYGh9SlOz3A_FJxVa52M1duO644AcBFBom2fjJKEx7A4pd8SSE/w640-h402/Peregrine%20Falcon_Nick%20Pulcinella.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Peregrine Falcon, Nick Pulcinella</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-y4rr4G9xdSoPgk99z-7OSZZuICXSNQX8w17JCK-Pg9Vuub06qQ0NV3bJrYweBkX9IwNDmFSQQEj1Kfv3jkRZ3Fo91YUarjk_z-zu60fR6vUkeN_3tLA7wDTiguLVT9JyI7ZPwCYwz8suK2-VOLgjkyKXZpssAdMXMVao3kGAVlF_V0qccEPwXYxx0Fc/s1520/Zone-tailed%20Hawk1_Ned%20Harris.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1008" data-original-width="1520" height="424" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-y4rr4G9xdSoPgk99z-7OSZZuICXSNQX8w17JCK-Pg9Vuub06qQ0NV3bJrYweBkX9IwNDmFSQQEj1Kfv3jkRZ3Fo91YUarjk_z-zu60fR6vUkeN_3tLA7wDTiguLVT9JyI7ZPwCYwz8suK2-VOLgjkyKXZpssAdMXMVao3kGAVlF_V0qccEPwXYxx0Fc/w640-h424/Zone-tailed%20Hawk1_Ned%20Harris.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Zone-tailed Hawk, Ned Harris</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br />There are so many wonderful possibilities at the Hawk Watch, always a showcase of the wonder and importance of our desert riparian areas. Come and join the fun! Tucson Audubon will host migration celebration days March 16-20, 2024 at Ron Morriss Park in Tubac. Check out some new optics at the vendor booths and see the hawks for yourself! Learn more at <a href="http://tucsonaudubon.org/hawkwatch">tucsonaudubon.org/hawkwatch</a>.<br /><br />DETAILS: Parking is available inside the park, DO NOT park or congregate on the bridge! Local residents strictly enforce this. If the lot is full, you can park at the intersection of the road leading into the park and walk in.<br /><br /><i></i></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><i><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1969-feUP3JcTT0mmYxZHNzc3K1vkG3b1_se1Bka1QkNmaWnYfWMoXqw9o1zNQpUrWnW0KGACz2zw7FYN1VgkxwdqA8QW2yP5VPB88UyH13NPb3la9tY-De97gPU1swm9qGwK57BtdprJwqhmA_k7UXaNXOhM5MsYhnck3tyjr9pvkl0Tu208Z6kX6ic/s509/Matt%20Griffiths%20new%20headshot.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="509" data-original-width="500" height="114" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1969-feUP3JcTT0mmYxZHNzc3K1vkG3b1_se1Bka1QkNmaWnYfWMoXqw9o1zNQpUrWnW0KGACz2zw7FYN1VgkxwdqA8QW2yP5VPB88UyH13NPb3la9tY-De97gPU1swm9qGwK57BtdprJwqhmA_k7UXaNXOhM5MsYhnck3tyjr9pvkl0Tu208Z6kX6ic/w112-h114/Matt%20Griffiths%20new%20headshot.jpg" width="112" /></a></i></div><i><br />Matt Griffiths is Communications Coordinator for Tucson Audubon.</i><br /><br /><p></p>Tucson Audubonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14909205833542750535noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6336484123485799841.post-13472392937614332242024-02-20T11:38:00.004-07:002024-02-23T15:08:01.351-07:00Ducks in the Desert?<p><b>By Luke Safford</b></p><p><b><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTeFGY5WknTBxJVeS4O82GSMf8ycSmCtbV22wWCY_mVA8Kx3Wy4Az5pUY62zKExzkko2VPMnJZUkStM2YUEsdog_UvsVJdyKTuP-KDfBwrcQ_ZF5o8hAiXTbdbhy66-vR6zc-ojZt1UU4h2RY4VEkC0Z3oQsJKTJIjptkbjP0UCZssXhyphenhyphenkExKe06vb3Ps/s1920/The%20shape-shifting%20Green%20Heron%20on%20the%20hunt,%20Peter%20Brannon.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1080" data-original-width="1920" height="360" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTeFGY5WknTBxJVeS4O82GSMf8ycSmCtbV22wWCY_mVA8Kx3Wy4Az5pUY62zKExzkko2VPMnJZUkStM2YUEsdog_UvsVJdyKTuP-KDfBwrcQ_ZF5o8hAiXTbdbhy66-vR6zc-ojZt1UU4h2RY4VEkC0Z3oQsJKTJIjptkbjP0UCZssXhyphenhyphenkExKe06vb3Ps/w640-h360/The%20shape-shifting%20Green%20Heron%20on%20the%20hunt,%20Peter%20Brannon.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>The shape-shifting Green Heron is on the hunt. Photo by Peter Brannon</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /></b>We are walking along the edge of cattails and marsh when all of a sudden flocks of waterfowl start flying over our heads coming from the south. Hundreds of American Wigeon, with scores of Green-winged Teal, Mallard, and Northern Pintail mixed in, create fun identification challenges for us as we gaze up in the sky at the spectacle. They circle us a few times before heading off to other bodies of water and we are satisfied with finding a couple Gadwall and Ring-necked Ducks in with the more common species. A few folks in the group of sixteen bird watchers act a bit surprised by this explosion of waterfowl as we aren’t in the flooded timber of Arkansas or the potholes of North Dakota, but instead we are birding in the Sonoran Desert of Southeast Arizona. Who knew we had all of these ducks?<br /><br />This scenario plays out week after week in the winter months during Tucson Audubon’s weekly birding walks at Sweetwater Wetlands, a 60 acre water treatment and recharge project of Tucson Water which is maintained for eco-tourism and urban wildlife habitat. Visitors to the wetlands may be surprised by the rich diversity of wildlife found in this park which is nestled among the growing urban sprawl of the area. In fact, it ranks first among all birding hotspots in Pima County with 315 species recorded, and fourth overall in the state of Arizona, just behind Patagonia Lake State Park, Lake Cochise in Willcox, and the Riparian Preserve at Gilbert Water Ranch. It is easy to see what all of these locations have in common, isn’t it?<br /><br />Water resources in the Sonoran Desert, whether artificially created or natural, offer the support these animals need on their wintering grounds. Not only ducks, but other “non-desert” birds such as Common Gallinule, Green Heron, and Red-winged Blackbird frequent this area year-round.</p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDURK8aTEUCpI_d-1ZrgF7WROSuf-Q68Wy1nmSptAVH2zYqJ0kBGCOs4ifMCQ6dyh55QiexXRm4L7Y3HsEsMzrTn1-W3qTUkIrf1_uOGZrBQ0be1jdziPpiypq28H5eU0cSe33JfcNhn6WUoANOFBUBjocAKu387_K6VPm-V3wUq4zKynaYfe8pvqKfko/s1600/tl13_34176152830_o-medium.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1067" data-original-width="1600" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDURK8aTEUCpI_d-1ZrgF7WROSuf-Q68Wy1nmSptAVH2zYqJ0kBGCOs4ifMCQ6dyh55QiexXRm4L7Y3HsEsMzrTn1-W3qTUkIrf1_uOGZrBQ0be1jdziPpiypq28H5eU0cSe33JfcNhn6WUoANOFBUBjocAKu387_K6VPm-V3wUq4zKynaYfe8pvqKfko/w640-h426/tl13_34176152830_o-medium.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Sweetwater Wetlands welcomes thousands of birders each year. Photo by Cory Michael Kennedy.</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhy8tbpsNsuIhMTIm9yWwZJmJvjfquMMQyTc3BDJddyzprx2qRJG9NK4q7WvBTzoJRK1hiGV7aOVndVy26VN-sLRiGMrifCvMewqEJN2zURsrwNuBr9Xmz2feHUpMXbwvkyeh4isoCabGPDf7CXhjXW1sv2cFK4NxJQf_dWjXNOKMWa0UxYjywCJ0PVPzo/s2000/The%20Common%20Gallinule%20is%20a%20year%20round%20resident%20at%20Sweetwater%20Wetlands_Greg%20Lavaty.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1334" data-original-width="2000" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhy8tbpsNsuIhMTIm9yWwZJmJvjfquMMQyTc3BDJddyzprx2qRJG9NK4q7WvBTzoJRK1hiGV7aOVndVy26VN-sLRiGMrifCvMewqEJN2zURsrwNuBr9Xmz2feHUpMXbwvkyeh4isoCabGPDf7CXhjXW1sv2cFK4NxJQf_dWjXNOKMWa0UxYjywCJ0PVPzo/w640-h426/The%20Common%20Gallinule%20is%20a%20year%20round%20resident%20at%20Sweetwater%20Wetlands_Greg%20Lavaty.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>The Common Gallinule is a year round resident at Sweetwater Wetlands. Photo by Greg Lavaty</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p>Gallinules are especially favored by visitors because of their red and yellow, or “candy corn” like bill. They are members of the rail family, small chicken-like birds that are often secretly hiding just out of sight in the marsh, and are more often heard than seen. A walk through Sweetwater Wetlands in the winter might also result in hearing the dolphin-like whinny of a Sora or the pig-grunting of a Virginia Rail. Quite the change from the typical Sonoran Desert birds we’re used to hearing!<br /><br />If you’re looking for the wetlands equivalent of our desert-loving Greater Roadrunner, look no further than the Green Heron. A shape-shifter, it will raise and lower a mohawk-looking crown as it hunts and will contort its neck into its body or stretch it out to look larger than it is. While it isn’t a brilliant green, the dark green and chestnut brown markings stand out, and like the roadrunner, it snatches its prey with a powerful beak—only it goes after bullfrogs and mosquito fish instead of lizards and ground squirrels.<br /><br />Blackbirds are drawn to the wetlands as a place to roost for the night. The thick cattails create a resting location that they otherwise wouldn’t find in the Sonoran Desert outside of the few natural cienegas that remain. After feeding in farmlands and cattle feedlots during the day, hundreds (sometimes thousands) of Red-winged, Yellow-headed, and Brewer’s Blackbirds, along with Great-tailed Grackles and a few Brown-headed Cowbirds, will congregate along the telephone wires above the wetlands and then will zoom into the cattails as the sun goes down. If you arrive early enough in the morning the sound of blackbirds waking up can be deafening before they all fly out to feed for the day.</p><p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqK1Mwv8Rkf3VTD3gYP9Op2Ou4FOtP2qmsGT_Rw1M3x1wcQNoG6ECm4NsnR2nQ39QnN6fhE92d2Re6wHl6GJ-i3VT3fgsG6EH4SRnyVGZtmVAtl9oVrHmn-Pvujq_RsNERX_HVgyfz3_Q0jLhqcwRn0wBWOrz0G7K2KGWuh-lvfKUoBfNvAiywkyxz-bE/s1200/RWBL_Greg%20lavaty.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="801" data-original-width="1200" height="428" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqK1Mwv8Rkf3VTD3gYP9Op2Ou4FOtP2qmsGT_Rw1M3x1wcQNoG6ECm4NsnR2nQ39QnN6fhE92d2Re6wHl6GJ-i3VT3fgsG6EH4SRnyVGZtmVAtl9oVrHmn-Pvujq_RsNERX_HVgyfz3_Q0jLhqcwRn0wBWOrz0G7K2KGWuh-lvfKUoBfNvAiywkyxz-bE/w640-h428/RWBL_Greg%20lavaty.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Red-winged Blackbird. Photo by Greg Lavaty</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgfY3Q19iqPoPxXUNR3sVBnVZ4W5uU6odHl9hEpdhog2-E97s_rn70Yh8Ja1g7bgefzHc6B9uqCEoXzUSH5LwWgZoX8AV2NZb2yAZZ1jKEtbcPAHIEWyTot51w_MliPdeYeSQy2wX1jIg5h2wzrOxhAxAVlmrJ8fG0efW9r2xAryvxzoB6TCf8WwAvddfw/s2047/RNDU_Mick%20Thompson.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1365" data-original-width="2047" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgfY3Q19iqPoPxXUNR3sVBnVZ4W5uU6odHl9hEpdhog2-E97s_rn70Yh8Ja1g7bgefzHc6B9uqCEoXzUSH5LwWgZoX8AV2NZb2yAZZ1jKEtbcPAHIEWyTot51w_MliPdeYeSQy2wX1jIg5h2wzrOxhAxAVlmrJ8fG0efW9r2xAryvxzoB6TCf8WwAvddfw/w640-h426/RNDU_Mick%20Thompson.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Ring-necked Duck. Photo by Mick Thompson</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table></p><p></p><p></p><p>Birds aren’t the only ones that are drawn to the water in the desert, the people are too. Sweetwater Wetlands was first opened for visitors in 1997 and since then over 30,000 bird checklists have been submitted to the Cornell Lab of Ornithology’s eBird database! Check out the <a href="https://ebird.org/hotspot/L208918" target="_blank">hotspot data</a>. The diversity of wildlife in the wetlands is only rivaled by the variety of people who come to visit from all walks of life all around the world. It really is amazing how water in the desert creates community between species and people who normally would not associate.<br /><br />The beauty of this diversity is expressed on a weekly basis on Wednesday mornings during Tucson Audubon’s weekly field trip at Sweetwater Wetlands. It’s free to register at <a href="https://tucsonaudubon.org/field-trips">tucsonaudubon.org/field-trips</a>, and we hope to see you there. Maybe you will be surprised by the ducks when they fly over, but I’m guessing you will be ready!</p><p><i></i></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><i><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTAknAmmSjfRcrgv9cc_YtLKRmRfXwQazmvqA2a_dOPubqj6biMk7KbT8UuMvK4OCDjCFhinhtLH8X9knb21WoNbfeCJVw6YCDd_i0sIaDIonD8MXcjAEwvYf_MyBKqR9TXDc9OI-63hSwx7COPEQs3jps73rxTz8rdxJxp-UoEbuP5h8IHP7K3ddj-_Q/s937/Luke%20Safford.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="937" data-original-width="625" height="156" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTAknAmmSjfRcrgv9cc_YtLKRmRfXwQazmvqA2a_dOPubqj6biMk7KbT8UuMvK4OCDjCFhinhtLH8X9knb21WoNbfeCJVw6YCDd_i0sIaDIonD8MXcjAEwvYf_MyBKqR9TXDc9OI-63hSwx7COPEQs3jps73rxTz8rdxJxp-UoEbuP5h8IHP7K3ddj-_Q/w104-h156/Luke%20Safford.jpg" width="104" /></a></i></div><i><br />Luke Safford is Tucson Audubon's Director of Engagement and Education.</i><br /><br /><p></p>Tucson Audubonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14909205833542750535noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6336484123485799841.post-67596392084288183242024-02-08T11:42:00.000-07:002024-02-08T11:42:10.177-07:00A Tale of Two Christmas Bird Counts<p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2ManjVszUK67M-B6CHsKr-i2nWNhw7bh3ZLGz2nzILQtQY6_lbq62Ska9qm_xmXw8S1Pz826mLn5nlJDepACeLwZyeg-OdYCSlBFoOvDE9TgWoFtpHg_AIcaUJcWdXgelioZa6AXwC4tjvytKL7REAumf2ewSH86dCwiKePaDkkdDWh-vCx1TqgpEhAE/s2048/GCKI_Matthew%20Studebaker.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1365" data-original-width="2048" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2ManjVszUK67M-B6CHsKr-i2nWNhw7bh3ZLGz2nzILQtQY6_lbq62Ska9qm_xmXw8S1Pz826mLn5nlJDepACeLwZyeg-OdYCSlBFoOvDE9TgWoFtpHg_AIcaUJcWdXgelioZa6AXwC4tjvytKL7REAumf2ewSH86dCwiKePaDkkdDWh-vCx1TqgpEhAE/w640-h426/GCKI_Matthew%20Studebaker.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Golden-crowned Kinglet, Matthew Studebaker</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table></p><p>This past season saw the 124th annual Christmas Bird Count. Volunteers from across North America and beyond take to the field during
one calendar day between December 14 and January 5 to record every bird
species and individual bird encountered within a designated 15-mile
diameter circle. Here are the reports from two of our local counts.<br /></p><h3 style="text-align: left;"><b>Santa Catalina Mountains Count</b><br /></h3><p><b>By Kendall Kroesen, Count Compiler</b><br /><br />The 2023 Santa Catalina Mountains Christmas Bird Count was hampered by strong winds all day in most locations. A few mountain valleys on the downwind side of ridges were the exceptions. Most birders reported lower than expected numbers of most species. Still, sixty-nine participants were able to find 6,342 individual birds of 132 species! This was a respectable species count considering the conditions. </p><p>In a largely waterless count circle we were able to find eight species of ducks, including Hooded Mergansers. Some key species of the mountains showed up, like Golden-crowned Kinglets, Band-tailed Pigeons, and 93 Red Crossbills. I always marvel at what can be found in the mountains in the dead of winter!</p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPyWLnp3F6gAmbPWh8JNhZU-4A1_NXoUaybEz-K5K4K4MPYYS6Tnt5UQ7QGXOuhyphenhyphen3vIjz6jcbJ2iqg-o2Hl_8bxTEhZd7MzL6ZnPGgAnRnWUsM2o3OWC92LtFtIIXc3KuK7Oic-nC6rSmL_8nhlhTb4WTuiD2Me-zbCVSiHUYuWSLJJo3xtdhBCHW3744/s1458/RECR_Tyler%20Pockette.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1016" data-original-width="1458" height="446" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPyWLnp3F6gAmbPWh8JNhZU-4A1_NXoUaybEz-K5K4K4MPYYS6Tnt5UQ7QGXOuhyphenhyphen3vIjz6jcbJ2iqg-o2Hl_8bxTEhZd7MzL6ZnPGgAnRnWUsM2o3OWC92LtFtIIXc3KuK7Oic-nC6rSmL_8nhlhTb4WTuiD2Me-zbCVSiHUYuWSLJJo3xtdhBCHW3744/w640-h446/RECR_Tyler%20Pockette.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Red Crossbill, Tyler Pockette</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><p>A surprise in the lowlands and foothills were over 150 White-throated Swift sightings. In the middle elevations Juniper Titmouse, Golden Eagle, and Crissal Thrasher were big hits. </p><p>Tanque Verde Wash yielded its usual trove, including Lewis's Woodpecker, Northern Beardless-Tyrannulet, and Greater Pewee. The big surprise of the day were two Sandhill Cranes found in Redington Pass! </p><p>The team of birders that participate in this count is terrific. Please join us next year!</p><h3 style="text-align: left;"><b>Atascosa Highlands Count</b><br /></h3><p><b>By Jake Mohlmann, Count Compiler<br /></b></p><p><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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</p><p class="MsoNormal">This year we were able to tally a total of 126 species.
Although this number is lower than usual, the effort we put forth was
impressive. Despite knowing the prospects of getting a lot of birds could be
low due to dry conditions, recent fires, and generally low bird numbers all
over Southeast Arizona, there was a good showing of counters. 51 people in 25 parties spent
226.48 hours covering 208.84 miles by car, foot, and boat. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Even though the only major bodies of water in the circle are
Peña Blanca and Arivaca Lakes, a scattering of cattle tanks can be found
throughout which helps explain the 13 duck species recorded, the rarest of
which was Wood Duck. Rarely detected species were few, but included Neotropic
Cormorant and Greater Yellowlegs, each of which have only been recorded 2 other
years.</p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_aHgdkp35rF8NHQvR6sMpzujJb1DPE22K9EBHbTcBQoP2F0_xBEFCEKmNSRMb6vLVYGeAg0nHr2sZbAzcmqHdiDU2isvMxufk2BOwSmh_-I7RSMM_rgmTd7aviemZI7SYXa9kUAvz4Qa4ir58DkUQOQdzgW1vxey8BzJ6SyGPbJEBMrB9PycN3leicFM/s1260/NOPA_Francis%20Morgan.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="888" data-original-width="1260" height="452" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_aHgdkp35rF8NHQvR6sMpzujJb1DPE22K9EBHbTcBQoP2F0_xBEFCEKmNSRMb6vLVYGeAg0nHr2sZbAzcmqHdiDU2isvMxufk2BOwSmh_-I7RSMM_rgmTd7aviemZI7SYXa9kUAvz4Qa4ir58DkUQOQdzgW1vxey8BzJ6SyGPbJEBMrB9PycN3leicFM/w640-h452/NOPA_Francis%20Morgan.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Northern Parula, Francis Morgan</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table>
<p class="MsoNormal">A Northern Parula found at Arivaca Lake was new for the
count! Warbler numbers were also down and surprisingly no Townsend’s Warblers
were detected. This region is normally a stronghold at the northern edge of
this species wintering range. An effort was made to find the Rufous-capped
Warblers in Ramanote Canyon, but they were unable to be located. Although not a
new record, it's worth mentioning the Middle Sycamore Canyon group found a
stunning male Elegant Trogon, the only one recorded this year for the CBC. This
is definitely the most likely place for a Trogon to winter within the circle,
so happy this was the case given the conditions. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">There were very low numbers of sparrows recorded all around,
with an absence of species we’ve come to expect like Savannah, Brewer’s and
Cassin’s. The low count of sparrows was actually impressive with only 2
Lincoln’s Sparrows, 8 Rufous-winged, and 13 Lark Sparrows tallied. Luckily in
Lower Sycamore Canyon a single Five-striped Sparrow was detected continuing
this CBC’s streak for this rare resident species. </p><p class="MsoNormal"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWr6GC72BKy18HeOTAIi1LbgwodOkSRYHw7IOAm5x_FrvteK0ZZen5hBMxledO-pudIB6o4S9TZGIIi0FCrAMhPi3Vw5caGtSx-IIH412Zh97YC6TXLWg_ub3np3ImVUiQNjwrHQc_j0mPvlWhIVu7mcr8JQVZ2L0IJUsHtraKbhvRJA_6wuX2frX15ag/s2048/FSSP_Matthew%20Studebaker.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1366" data-original-width="2048" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWr6GC72BKy18HeOTAIi1LbgwodOkSRYHw7IOAm5x_FrvteK0ZZen5hBMxledO-pudIB6o4S9TZGIIi0FCrAMhPi3Vw5caGtSx-IIH412Zh97YC6TXLWg_ub3np3ImVUiQNjwrHQc_j0mPvlWhIVu7mcr8JQVZ2L0IJUsHtraKbhvRJA_6wuX2frX15ag/w640-h426/FSSP_Matthew%20Studebaker.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Five-striped Sparrow, Matthew Studebaker</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">In record-breaking news the total for Rock Pigeon (8) at
Wise Mesa was tied for all time high, and a pair of Wild Turkeys near Bear
Valley Ranch broke the old record of 1. Even though the species count was lower
than average and overall numbers of birds was low, we put in a great effort to
record what was in the circle. Last year’s total number of individual
birds was 10,077. This year’s was 4,000. It’s always good to keep in mind that
a major goal of these counts is to see what’s out there year after year to
assess how bird numbers fluctuate. If we don’t get out there, we’ll never know!
An interesting statistic showing this is that during the pandemic we
had the fewest number of participants (43) since this CBC was resurrected in
2008, but broke the all time record for this count with 149 species!</p><p class="MsoNormal"><b>If you'd like to join either of these counts next winter, please contact <a href="mailto:kendallkroesen@gmail.com">Kendall</a> or <a href="mailto:mohlmann2@yahoo.com">Jake</a>. </b><br /></p>
Tucson Audubonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14909205833542750535noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6336484123485799841.post-15188188731604354802024-01-25T11:23:00.000-07:002024-01-25T11:23:19.918-07:00CORDILLERAN FLYCATCHERS MAKE A COMEBACK ON MT LEMMON<p><b> By <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Dr. Charles van Riper III</span></b><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Closing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Message Header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Salutation"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Date"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Block Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Document Map"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Bottom of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Definition"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Sample"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Variable"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation subject"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Contemporary"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Professional"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Theme"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="List Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="List Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="List Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
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</p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6bNBiFSCnF_KvqKER09oEvKUJiUiRjywz0_H_BCopdqDnZO3ZyObzv7I9lEuqOoBppuva4gs4SFPCYj7ha5e0doxZj03JrRWo6qK_hhHM4Gj3oeuqfxSQlAZUc4WaH5O-X8MvsUpcF7pNU-lJbcQb_69buM-ppJE4AbG1h5jdUKw7WvW6MPqTJ2297ok/s1200/MtLmn%20(166%20of%20368)-Edit-1002.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="900" data-original-width="1200" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6bNBiFSCnF_KvqKER09oEvKUJiUiRjywz0_H_BCopdqDnZO3ZyObzv7I9lEuqOoBppuva4gs4SFPCYj7ha5e0doxZj03JrRWo6qK_hhHM4Gj3oeuqfxSQlAZUc4WaH5O-X8MvsUpcF7pNU-lJbcQb_69buM-ppJE4AbG1h5jdUKw7WvW6MPqTJ2297ok/w640-h480/MtLmn%20(166%20of%20368)-Edit-1002.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr align="left"><td class="tr-caption"><i>Active Western Cordilleran Flycatcher nest on Mt Lemmon, all photos by Henry Johnson, <a href="https://www.mtlemmonazimages.com/" target="_blank">Mt Lemmon AZ Images</a></i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p>The Western Cordilleran Flycatcher (<i>Empidonax difficilis occidentalis</i>) is an inconspicuous member of the southern Arizona summer breeding bird community. This Neotropical migrant breeds in higher elevation habitats of the Sky Islands, where flying insects constitute over 95% of their diet. Our study has been focused on the Mt Lemmon population, just north of Tucson, since 2016. Because the Cordilleran sexes look virtually identical to human observers, we attempt to capture and color-band all breeding flycatchers. You can find these color-banded birds in our Mt Lemmon study areas on Turkey Run Trail (from Summerhaven to the ski area) and at Camp Lawton (behind the US Forest Service Visitor Center at Palisades) and the Boy Scout Camp area. We have documented annual return rates of banded birds, time of egg laying, incubation behavior, nestling feeding, and overall nest success (productivity). <br /><br />In 2022, it looked like the following year might be a good breeding season for the Western Cordilleran Flycatcher because of abundant precipitation and the heavy snowpack that would enhance insect abundance, and thus increase food resources. All the information collected at our nesting locations on Mt Lemmon has now been analyzed, and indeed, 2023 was a banner year, especially for the production of flycatcher young. During 2023, more flycatcher eggs were laid per nest, more hatched, and more young were fledged than in any of the five previous years of our study (Fig 1). </p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWB4kYuqCJrJl8uVamDxRRsIjwriHfgXj0qeyg_fvVE1S4xjqymWHsn-yaKLWAlnCP2TQD8PAJOGUEUZ98pOA5Ofnmf0jaGiEoyJiNnHoWxWKhCzKXt1MUWu1T7WulEtj4rFNHlEtycyB6rf0F37TC3OkAoCrPWBWmqTPv3jYDX5fjNQpNGPMi4TIUirY/s802/Fig%201.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="528" data-original-width="802" height="422" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWB4kYuqCJrJl8uVamDxRRsIjwriHfgXj0qeyg_fvVE1S4xjqymWHsn-yaKLWAlnCP2TQD8PAJOGUEUZ98pOA5Ofnmf0jaGiEoyJiNnHoWxWKhCzKXt1MUWu1T7WulEtj4rFNHlEtycyB6rf0F37TC3OkAoCrPWBWmqTPv3jYDX5fjNQpNGPMi4TIUirY/w640-h422/Fig%201.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr align="left"><td class="tr-caption"><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Figure 1. Cordilleran Flycatcher
reproductive rates from 2019 through 2023 on Mt Lemmon, AZ<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">.</span></span></i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> The mean annual nests success rate
is depicted by the line, with the percent annual success given on the
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</xml><![endif]--><br />Nesting began a little later in 2023 than in previous years due to cooler spring conditions that existed on the wintering grounds around Guadalajara, MX, and along the migratory route to Arizona. We found the first active Western Cordilleran Flycatcher nest in the third week of May. In comparison, nesting began the first week of May in 2019, while in 2020 and 2022, nesting started during the second week. The later arrival of migrant flycatchers in 2023 resulted in a truncated breeding season, but one that was very productive. <br /><br />There were several factors that contributed to the very productive 2023 Cordilleran Flycatcher nesting season, with the most important being a high abundance of food resources. We operated three malaise flying insect traps along Turkey Run road, just past the Guthrie intersection on Mt Lemmon, where we collected and weighed captured flying insect biomass every two weeks. Since the Cordilleran Flycatcher diet consists of over 98% flying insects, the malaise data provide us with a good relative index of available flycatcher food resources (Fig 2).
<p class="MsoNormal"></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixcMmVEjq0J1a0XIo0-7xG3ltV7ZYb_d-l52U8r9FS6awLt3vvfHo7q-0Ee0e7H45dVI7L4y8MLMj-gE72J_pLZleoVM-sJyD33YJignxArzm6V_cesR50-qD66wKIT6iRyZW6ZF-rvUOZSuJjf5Xv8Cx3_NY4E2jKW9sWLhqBLpdSohbpr6KwcPASEYA/s950/Fig%202.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="572" data-original-width="950" height="386" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixcMmVEjq0J1a0XIo0-7xG3ltV7ZYb_d-l52U8r9FS6awLt3vvfHo7q-0Ee0e7H45dVI7L4y8MLMj-gE72J_pLZleoVM-sJyD33YJignxArzm6V_cesR50-qD66wKIT6iRyZW6ZF-rvUOZSuJjf5Xv8Cx3_NY4E2jKW9sWLhqBLpdSohbpr6KwcPASEYA/w640-h386/Fig%202.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr align="left"><td class="tr-caption"><i>Figure 2. Flying insect biomass (dry weight grams/day) from malaise traps in 2019 through 2023 on Mt Lemmon, AZ.</i></td></tr></tbody></table><p>Insect levels were higher in 2023 (the last light-blue bars in the Figure, at the right of each two-week sampling period), than during any previous year that we have monitored flying insects on Mt Lemmon. This was particularly true in late June, when most young flycatcher nestlings are being fed by adults. <br /><br />The more synchronous start of breeding resulted in a lower flycatcher egg predation rate, possibly through predator swamping, and this resulted in a higher 2023 nesting success. Steller’s Jay (Fig.3) predation rates of Cordilleran Flycatcher eggs are usually quite high on Mt Lemmon, averaging 34.25% of all eggs laid. When analyzing our mist-net capture data, we found that during 2023, we caught fewer Steller’s Jays than during 2019-2021. The decreased number of jays in 2023 resulted in fewer nests with flycatcher eggs being lost to predation. With the significantly larger clutches in 2023, this resulted in a greater number of eggs that could hatch and eventually fledge young. To put this in perspective, only 25 Cordilleran Flycatcher young fledged in our study area in 2021, 60 young fledged in 2022, while this year 83 young fledged. The average number of young flycatchers leaving each nest is even more dramatic, with only 1.1 young fledged from each active nest in 2020, an average of 1.5 per nest in 2021-22, and an average of 3.38 young/nest in the summer of 2023. </p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwCNlKeEBk91Z5htSWKUozWd5mjkD5aoCanf1LPkt4nuo8C3GjFtqS5xfnc-_6qu6CrTWZS-qmkMckBUwysrE4K3MaE0DgLwP7nPbmoZKu7kbMYK9D_EOftWhk_2MJy_3JBQxqX3vRC0C-sKISRYD6rrdI_A5V2F578YEv5sNIrI6wUR52g22F0ZlY3uA/s1200/Mt%20Lmn%20May-June%202022_4102-Edit-1004.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="960" data-original-width="1200" height="512" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwCNlKeEBk91Z5htSWKUozWd5mjkD5aoCanf1LPkt4nuo8C3GjFtqS5xfnc-_6qu6CrTWZS-qmkMckBUwysrE4K3MaE0DgLwP7nPbmoZKu7kbMYK9D_EOftWhk_2MJy_3JBQxqX3vRC0C-sKISRYD6rrdI_A5V2F578YEv5sNIrI6wUR52g22F0ZlY3uA/w640-h512/Mt%20Lmn%20May-June%202022_4102-Edit-1004.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Flycatcher eggs in nest</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><p></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUPSuHNDJzcw_TsI58-oamAG3bnHhL1tI47uZ5L5MSBr-mjc9-zN50nkTeUCLsmt6Dvni4OuCAxMFonvuqOzDpwbNcX9NHMZkpWNhpwq9UQVg1nJb3DX9__NrlV6Iy-VxRPp8KCV_mg9Db5h_eez8giS8GAPkA3xElidB10cAErtsJ8Hg3lj9PJbOdpw8/s1200/Mt%20Lmn%20TucAve%20Sept%2010%202022_1817-Edit-1003.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="900" data-original-width="1200" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUPSuHNDJzcw_TsI58-oamAG3bnHhL1tI47uZ5L5MSBr-mjc9-zN50nkTeUCLsmt6Dvni4OuCAxMFonvuqOzDpwbNcX9NHMZkpWNhpwq9UQVg1nJb3DX9__NrlV6Iy-VxRPp8KCV_mg9Db5h_eez8giS8GAPkA3xElidB10cAErtsJ8Hg3lj9PJbOdpw8/w640-h480/Mt%20Lmn%20TucAve%20Sept%2010%202022_1817-Edit-1003.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Figure 3. Steller's Jay</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p>In summary, the larger number of flycatcher eggs laid in 2023, resulted in more eggs hatched, and with lower predation rates, more flycatcher young were produced. The 2023 Cordilleran Flycatcher breeding season was quite successful, and the large number of fledged young should help enhance breeding of flycatchers on Mt Lemmon during 2024. <br /><br />We would like to thank those Mt Lemmon residents who took part in the Cordilleran Flycatcher Research Project, and thank those who provided permission to catch birds and monitor nests on their private lands. Teo Melis and Serena Mankiller have provided continuing support of our research that is within the US Geological Survey, Southwest Biological Center’s Emeritus Program. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. <br /><br /><i>Dr. Charles van Riper III is Emeritus Professor and ST Scientist, School of Natural Resources and the Environment & US Geological Survey, Southwest Biological Science Center, University of Arizona, 520 N Park Ave, Tucson, AZ 85719 – <a href="mailto:charlesvanriper3@gmail.com">charlesvanriper3@gmail.com</a></i><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span>
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Tucson Audubonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14909205833542750535noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6336484123485799841.post-20964474990767332512024-01-10T14:04:00.000-07:002024-01-11T11:17:14.644-07:00Arizona’s Beautiful Grasslands Are Worth a Visit <p><b>By Jennie MacFarland</b></p><p><b><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgv0prz7gJq9qDrNoFuHsaP9S0eRLCXgV9wk1OjLgEGBOnLARmxK6gt6stGrllvo8L1sbY48ymd51xtqfOFFLS-GJrC7O2ugUFSuJXEiK05Z7XbI_qDZ99YBROrflve_Etblle5ybmx3hdWq1H8_BstqkAu_p_Lyvkp0mAi9yhyJitpWy9SP1_imthgcWk/s1602/NOHA_BN%20Singh.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1004" data-original-width="1602" height="402" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgv0prz7gJq9qDrNoFuHsaP9S0eRLCXgV9wk1OjLgEGBOnLARmxK6gt6stGrllvo8L1sbY48ymd51xtqfOFFLS-GJrC7O2ugUFSuJXEiK05Z7XbI_qDZ99YBROrflve_Etblle5ybmx3hdWq1H8_BstqkAu_p_Lyvkp0mAi9yhyJitpWy9SP1_imthgcWk/w640-h402/NOHA_BN%20Singh.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>The Northern Harrier is a striking bird of Southeast Arizona grasslands, <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/bnsingh/49588554572/in/photolist-PBsmT1-2o19MkP-2o1a7QJ-2ixYiCQ-2atngD5-oSCduU-2omqyBu-2n1yCfV-2iaLteK-2hBjtm3-2o9dZor-2mMxSD9-2o7oapS-2ojoLRz-2nRnYH3-2mQTtkN-2koZrGf-QLSq1t-2nRsQ3k-2ojouud-Nywjkb-2d9E1Rj-2o7A8kD-2odcFpv-2ihb5TP-PHLSCX-2oaximg-2o7pokH-PF1XXL-2opF1rj-2o7A954-2aNBbuW-QXm6cV-2kp13mr-2k5aXYi-2n5GfUW-2czgL6E-RriQtq-2dZnNnC-jeXVnJ-RMAonT-2o4vFY3-2o4AxM6-2ftwhyA-QkWmht-2ncxVYk-2j5Pat5-2o43kME-2mVkCX4-2mQTsy7/" target="_blank">BN Singh</a></i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table></b><b> </b><b><br /></b>Grassland is not the first landscape that springs to mind when thinking about Arizona. While our marvelous state is famous for saguaro studded deserts, mountain vistas, and pine forests, we also have some breathtaking grassland areas. The Las Cienegas National Conservation Area near Sonoita is an example of local grassland habitat where you might even see a herd of pronghorn antelope! The Empire Ranch is an excellent place to start within Las Cienegas—the self-guided tour of the historic ranch house is like a step back in time. If you take the main road south from the Empire Ranch House, you can see much of the beautiful grasslands of this area. Sonoita is also notable for the many vineyards in the area that offer tours and wine tastings, a perfect pairing for a fun day!<br /><br />A little farther south outside of Patagonia, lies the San Rafael Valley. This valley has extensive, panoramic views of grassland that is so beautiful that it served as the filming location for the movie musical, <i>Oklahoma!</i>. It really is that scenic! Most of the valley is private land, but it’s traversed by well maintained dirt roads that the public can access to enjoy the hidden gems of grasslands within Southeast Arizona. </p><p></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAvUqGXpk9LfHCskzQUZ28BVLQI5kP5Kfrbxxf2dQvxYsFuAYkrvR2hST_AD82B9mRrTA7_C_LIyOd6i0FJuEoI-J4WkMFryMcDpZWOE9GENzirkA6rQ72yY1bTYV8ynLNvDs6PhXzIfnWkvR2SXhtz03ZRp4E9-ryEihcmh5SkdhH49g5p76XzOxOUGM/s1613/San%20Rafael%20Grasslands_Jennie%20MacFarland.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="907" data-original-width="1613" height="360" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAvUqGXpk9LfHCskzQUZ28BVLQI5kP5Kfrbxxf2dQvxYsFuAYkrvR2hST_AD82B9mRrTA7_C_LIyOd6i0FJuEoI-J4WkMFryMcDpZWOE9GENzirkA6rQ72yY1bTYV8ynLNvDs6PhXzIfnWkvR2SXhtz03ZRp4E9-ryEihcmh5SkdhH49g5p76XzOxOUGM/w640-h360/San%20Rafael%20Grasslands_Jennie%20MacFarland.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>The grasslands in winter, a golden sea, Jennie MacFarland</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p>The grasslands in the region are technically known as Chihuahuan Desert Grassland. Most of this type of grassland is within northern Mexico with about a third occuring in Arizona, New Mexico and Texas. What makes this habitat type different from other types of grassland in North America is that it receives most of its rainfall during the summer monsoon. This means that these grasslands are green during July and August and golden yellow the rest of the year. The amount of rain that these areas get during the summer affects how much grass seed will be available in the fall and winter. These seeds are a very important food source for many bird species that travel south to spend the winter months here. At least 85% of the bird species that nest in the Western Great Plains, the northern tiers of the US, and southern Canada, winter in our Chihuahuan Desert Grassland. These two very different grassland habitats are tied together by these bird species. <br /><br />Unfortunately, grassland-associated bird species are the fastest declining group of birds within the US, and this is largely driven by habitat loss. Both their nesting habitat and their wintering grasslands here in southern Arizona have faced significant loss or alteration in the last few decades. That is what makes these large sections of remaining Chihuahuan Desert Grasslands near Sonoita and Patagonia so important. Tucson Audubon conducts annual winter surveys for one of these bird species, the Chestnut-collared Longspur. It is the fastest declining species of bird in North America, and a very high conservation priority. Both the Las Cienegas NCA and the San Rafael Valley have been designated as Globally significant Important Bird Areas for this species. The longspurs are drawn to cattle ponds that have shallow edges, as they need to drink frequently to digest the seeds they feast upon all winter. When it comes to food choice, they very much prefer the seeds of our native grasses, such as grama grass, over the non-native grasses. Unfortunately, the non-native Lehmann lovegrass has done very well in our grasslands, pushing out the native species and providing birds with a nutritionally-poor food source compared to native grasses. Anything that can be done to encourage native grass growth is beneficial for longspurs and other birds. </p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgl62W9Vn2I7xOVupe7ga74C7Pc2CsXaXSGlkupvas0MDgMVWaQx0U_tQdQsEHd6mN2JvX52F52mV0xppO6k-h0C16ENlRdDR07-l2M7O3TAClnWRfOqt3SQc_HlYbL63qgAX2moXeB2GxF1Y6MVhTTlY72U728vprzBg5YVH4Jtb7cfbyFTFNCscct860/s1375/5235886852_8e4302fee4_o.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1044" data-original-width="1375" height="486" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgl62W9Vn2I7xOVupe7ga74C7Pc2CsXaXSGlkupvas0MDgMVWaQx0U_tQdQsEHd6mN2JvX52F52mV0xppO6k-h0C16ENlRdDR07-l2M7O3TAClnWRfOqt3SQc_HlYbL63qgAX2moXeB2GxF1Y6MVhTTlY72U728vprzBg5YVH4Jtb7cfbyFTFNCscct860/w640-h486/5235886852_8e4302fee4_o.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Chestnut-collared Longspur, Alan Schmierer</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhClzoocLkyh4glqBrGA0QqijpWQhTSDX91q2uvXFYlOrSQoUUHyU1EUXOJRQwviCVLWTDXLv4l5rMGWXuYik-oPFnrGC2UzQHph0elnNKnNQEP7PkKqKC685T9Ah7AXda-qXMfafXbXSGBUNI5S2WyhWDx8soKRXY7EdkrP5vZKJrg40G-c0tpMQp8gDA/s1613/Las%20Cienegas%20Cattle%20Pond%202_Richard%20Fray.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1210" data-original-width="1613" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhClzoocLkyh4glqBrGA0QqijpWQhTSDX91q2uvXFYlOrSQoUUHyU1EUXOJRQwviCVLWTDXLv4l5rMGWXuYik-oPFnrGC2UzQHph0elnNKnNQEP7PkKqKC685T9Ah7AXda-qXMfafXbXSGBUNI5S2WyhWDx8soKRXY7EdkrP5vZKJrg40G-c0tpMQp8gDA/w640-h480/Las%20Cienegas%20Cattle%20Pond%202_Richard%20Fray.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>A perfect cattle tank to find Chestnut-collared Longspurs, Richard Fray</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p>There are many other charismatic bird species that can be found in our grasslands in the winter such as Ferruginous Hawk, Merlin (small falcons), Northern Harrier, and many different varieties of Red-tailed Hawks. There is also an abundance of sparrow species that winter here, including White-crowned Sparrow, Savannah Sparrow, Vesper Sparrow, Lark Bunting, and the rare Baird’s Sparrow. </p><p></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjP-YBpdYPSsbAqUV_240bB-qq_g6riQP260BSgtuRNyIJlPTdkLLEAMt_jVEkfUkRCGDgy19qi_JxAU6UCVuoJSGEz3vXnQzu9QGu6Vt1_cxz5yo3q-8Z7g688qhSkuifLee5DsjStUGsKfbSFk98U2NKYstv9z40OzWrDEn6zJSIKCPuW9IeeF0lgNTY/s1200/49366934761_b8b0455bc0_o.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="800" data-original-width="1200" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjP-YBpdYPSsbAqUV_240bB-qq_g6riQP260BSgtuRNyIJlPTdkLLEAMt_jVEkfUkRCGDgy19qi_JxAU6UCVuoJSGEz3vXnQzu9QGu6Vt1_cxz5yo3q-8Z7g688qhSkuifLee5DsjStUGsKfbSFk98U2NKYstv9z40OzWrDEn6zJSIKCPuW9IeeF0lgNTY/w640-h426/49366934761_b8b0455bc0_o.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Merlin, Greg Lavaty</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p>Desert grasslands are beautiful in winter and full of birds and other wildlife. They are definitely worth a visit to discover a new side of Southeast Arizona!</p><p><i></i></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><i><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimDWiRjBX8CDIbcbHZOU_t2pQxYjLfX-eqICEsTcOhjXJi4AK429f0Wbtdfcv94cZKv8rncpQlxt_51CF4NaXTc7pYJQfVXh_G2iNsmYtEn_v9dIiJG9hwwt1Bd7_3vgiHMHD5JO0t3QqgKCtKIneEY7SM5AHT5s_algh9cRNRFy2WtU6_mP4-iqGoguM/s500/Jennie%20MacFarland_Simpson.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="441" data-original-width="500" height="123" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimDWiRjBX8CDIbcbHZOU_t2pQxYjLfX-eqICEsTcOhjXJi4AK429f0Wbtdfcv94cZKv8rncpQlxt_51CF4NaXTc7pYJQfVXh_G2iNsmYtEn_v9dIiJG9hwwt1Bd7_3vgiHMHD5JO0t3QqgKCtKIneEY7SM5AHT5s_algh9cRNRFy2WtU6_mP4-iqGoguM/w140-h123/Jennie%20MacFarland_Simpson.jpg" width="140" /></a></i></div><i><br />Jennie MacFarland is the Bird Conservation Biologist for Tucson Audubon. </i> <p></p><br />Tucson Audubonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14909205833542750535noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6336484123485799841.post-19004411017051289412023-12-13T14:26:00.000-07:002023-12-13T14:26:31.358-07:00Unwind and Reconnect at Tucson Audubon’s Mason Center<b>By Erica Freese,</b><br /><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img height="480" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/tXdi_fd5drv4X5S5QHNWCHoaTHmPGyzXuYNw6dFdHEZlVXqajGapk62UT-BoN5dSmyHU3s19g-zI1l73AkIqq1q5g9fYI_5ReYh88xvk00yUZ7btX-IBRXZVfsp81SsVeQ5x_n77ZQzbjB6c3gKR-fk=w640-h480" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="640" /></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>A coyote comes in for a drink, all photos by Erica Freese</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p>As you walk the gravel path from the parking lot to the cluster of low buildings, you are welcomed by the high-pitched whistle of a Costa’s Hummingbird, and a quintessential desert sound, the chatter of a Cactus Wren. Looking up you catch a glimpse of a Turkey Vulture circling high above, or if you’re lucky, a Zoned-tailed Hawk. Moving from the sun’s rays, you welcome the shade of a large mesquite tree as a zebra-tailed lizard darts away before stopping at a safe distance to wag its tail.</p><p></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/JQoCycmFmjRGYh-qARK1AonljzZyEtCZ0G9FTEvxchPDqUO1f24kKqC1fXycDovZkDSfslNooDCYNVSBm8QazzrDXNoUynJ1sTPGIs8VyYcec26eLxFp2K2UKBfsoiyPEDiaE1qEfTHCvAC38LpiLKc=w640-h480" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Costa's Hummingbird</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p>This is a typical scene of what may greet you at Tucson Audubon’s Mason Center. Located on Hardy Road just off of Thornydale, the 20-acre plot is a richly vegetated parcel of nearly pristine saguaro-ironwood tree habitat. Feeding and water stations, as well as pollinator and habitat gardens surround the facilities to support seasonal and year-round populations of wildlife, especially birds. According to eBird, a community science app for reporting bird sightings, a <a href="https://ebird.org/hotspot/L273411" target="_blank">total of 118 species of birds</a> have been identified at the Mason Center. Gambel’s Quail, Gila Woodpeckers, Broad-billed Hummingbirds, Abert’s Towhees, Curve-billed Thrashers, and Cooper’s Hawks are routinely seen along with many other species. More rare visitors have included Wilson’s Warbler, MacGillivray’s Warbler, Yellow-breasted Chat, and Bronzed Cowbird—even a Canada Goose was spotted flying over this year!<br /><br />Whether you consider yourself a birder or not, Mason Center offers many ways to connect with nature. The property allows you to watch the seasons actively change the landscape. For example, signs of spring arrive with the saguaro buds, followed by the first white flowers crowning the tops. Black-tailed Gnatcatchers hop between branches of the blooming ironwoods. Even when temperatures creep above 100°, there is still activity to be found, as puffball quail chicks dart after their parents and spiny lizards do push-ups. As the days begin to shorten, fall and winter become wonderful times to visit and potentially catch a glimpse of a migrating hawk or warbler.</p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img height="480" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/wq7dWgPiY1GfIoB6UO7f46IawiWtuAsuhrZdQMH_QHCO7I8Axa03tAvSvuzzCySFZqNxgcHGBsIDvii3ppUMcWnowDmtjJrR34eYI5LXtxdDsOzRTqnRJ2BM0a89B8wl_3-BYQv855MbesOATN60plM=w640-h480" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="640" /></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Gambel's Quail family</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p>Feel free to stop by the main building and pick up a recent copy of Tucson Audubon’s <i>Vermilion Flycatcher</i> magazine, a map, and other educational materials. A staff member will likely be there during the week to say hello and answer any questions you may have. As a bonus, you may get a glimpse at various ongoing Tucson Audubon projects such as Desert Purple Martin nest box construction, saguaro planting, or installation of window decals to prevent bird collisions.<br /><br />If you’re keen to explore a bit, there is a flat and easy .6 mile loop around the property, as well as a .3 mile loop. As the trail meanders through the ironwoods, palo verdes, and towering saguaros, you may find a shift in your mood and a calming of the mind which nature, and specifically bird calls, have been shown to do. Tune into the noises around you such as the call of a Mourning Dove or high-pitched chirp of a ground squirrel. Notice the often overlooked details such as the crisscrossing tracks left by lizards, javelina, and coyotes along the trail, or the rabbit quietly hiding under the protection of a cholla cactus. On warmer days, remember to look down now and then in case a snake is sharing the trail with you. </p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img height="480" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/kfX6cL4EsnNNBqkkuP7H239oKkPQ9Fiymwrm_c4zqhi-_S95WObmuzpvVKpxRQKGgoIW_YR4MryWCzAlMSInxYWIwkQh3EyIOWbhfrTKvaQXTp0sh2KuFVFAiar4b5QU9pkak5uC8_LYqvM6qMT8a1g=w640-h480" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="640" /></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Cactus Wren nest with nestlings</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p>If venturing out on the trail doesn’t suit you, there are spots to sit behind the main building to watch birds and other critters visit the water dish and hummingbird and seed feeders. Shaded picnic tables are easily accessible so you can have your own food and beverage. The property also has composting toilets that are open during the week. </p><p>During the week, the property gate is open 8am–5pm. If you are on the property after 5pm, the gate will open by automatic sensor located along the wooden fence line. Open dawn to dusk, if you want to visit on a weekend, please park on Hardy Road and enter via the small gate to the west of the parking lot. For additional trails and wildlife, head across the street to Arthur Pack Regional Park which offers a network of trails for hikers, mountain bikers, equestrians, and runners. </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi70vArLEYbxyfJIpHJhSf2IYCRaIc7YVTgHJzGfE_50HO7ocFDLnJZ3RS3eZyDX8EoLTGHMvf_m6pqdjzlabekhUUj_UxVuiLy_-R9vwMPf46h2FlIK73CIWDVoHeji9Cc2U-uauPhhZjfQWAAaeITeh-3MNXJobzmC6aCtEwncNVkYIrF-FO0ethvvSg/s1600/Photo%20Oct%2011%202022,%203%2006%2025%20PM-medium.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi70vArLEYbxyfJIpHJhSf2IYCRaIc7YVTgHJzGfE_50HO7ocFDLnJZ3RS3eZyDX8EoLTGHMvf_m6pqdjzlabekhUUj_UxVuiLy_-R9vwMPf46h2FlIK73CIWDVoHeji9Cc2U-uauPhhZjfQWAAaeITeh-3MNXJobzmC6aCtEwncNVkYIrF-FO0ethvvSg/w640-h480/Photo%20Oct%2011%202022,%203%2006%2025%20PM-medium.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br />Come visit <a href="https://tucsonaudubon.org/mason-center/" target="_blank">Tucson Audubon’s Mason Center</a> with your family and friends, or decide to take a moment to yourself and enjoy the solitude the land offers. The place is a gentle reminder to slow down, quiet your step, and reconnect to the natural world which we are all inherently a part of. <br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKNCBcdbYq3QgHbOBaCAweudD0X_EjEhc70FK_Sr4wLzXuulVL9nLmoBxTjpVSt-vlpm5BTK98FAC_-ky0UkN6_VWGsm9jGJIKLomeHTM-Ne_lSLKTXVmsWPzYkGHHEk3-6CjSevnHWF4ay3ZA8VowXwE8Tx_ySBpKh1W7awyGbaAuoT5vqyfpdieEC-E/s400/Erica-Freese.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="400" data-original-width="400" height="128" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKNCBcdbYq3QgHbOBaCAweudD0X_EjEhc70FK_Sr4wLzXuulVL9nLmoBxTjpVSt-vlpm5BTK98FAC_-ky0UkN6_VWGsm9jGJIKLomeHTM-Ne_lSLKTXVmsWPzYkGHHEk3-6CjSevnHWF4ay3ZA8VowXwE8Tx_ySBpKh1W7awyGbaAuoT5vqyfpdieEC-E/w128-h128/Erica-Freese.png" width="128" /></a></div><br /><p>Erica Freese is Tucson Audubon's Director of Development and Communications.<br /><br /></p>Tucson Audubonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14909205833542750535noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6336484123485799841.post-30675329320098784742023-11-21T13:59:00.000-07:002023-11-30T11:15:01.304-07:00The Paton Center for Habitat?<p><b>By Matt Griffiths</b></p><p><b><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjs62VHSY3lktQ8Tmc4Ulo_8yBjcMEwXaoQRsuUbfhqRlZmfhdLdWWyQuATdb6T88LxQzsxj9iH2qqfEoOQGfAhODdEtUG1FEVwHlAp4pQA_DSKjqQ8D6ehzg-vsp6nhVjRX4hCvPRmZ-ryDO4EDmaroUens83E5bhSJMNoTLHGnlO0xOpfJWyRPkUGnms/s1600/IMG_6599-medium.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjs62VHSY3lktQ8Tmc4Ulo_8yBjcMEwXaoQRsuUbfhqRlZmfhdLdWWyQuATdb6T88LxQzsxj9iH2qqfEoOQGfAhODdEtUG1FEVwHlAp4pQA_DSKjqQ8D6ehzg-vsp6nhVjRX4hCvPRmZ-ryDO4EDmaroUens83E5bhSJMNoTLHGnlO0xOpfJWyRPkUGnms/w640-h480/IMG_6599-medium.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>A forest of giant sacaton grass in the Cuckoo Corridor, all photos by Matt Griffiths</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table></b></p><h3 style="text-align: left;">There’s a lot more to the Paton Center than just hungry hummingbirds!</h3><p style="text-align: left;">On any visit to the Paton Center for Hummingbirds you’re likely to see mixed in with the Inca Doves, Anna’s Hummingbirds, and Northern Cardinals, a handful of humans busily at work with shovels, buckets, and other assorted tools. These people are part of Tucson Audubon’s habitat restoration and invasive strike teams and their work is vital to the upkeep and expansion of the Center. <br /><br />What began as a bank of feeders lovingly maintained by the Paton family is now a full-fledged example of the power of native plants and habitat to draw in a diverse array of birds and other wildlife. From activities such as invasive plant removal and cottonwood sapling propagation to pond creation and planting native plants, the Paton Center is a hive of activity that showcases habitat restoration. The current major projects occurring just beyond the Center’s original property are great examples of the stages of restoring pieces of land for the benefit of wildlife and especially birds.</p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNAVYGQR4SpcC6SbOE5koCPk9zXN1opEJ7U1yp50_OoWPguGKCiiL6XOa4hoAGRA90ZDfq-ZWro1oP8iwHnhCNN-atIMGO9_G68gdSKXe51ODtAZnHwOqKFZZbUf_Guo4hn5hbVjWNVYy5vxQtEBfNA0EtKyCRURiWWM-2tNeeOOkYeKKk8B88SVKlOo8/s2000/IMG_6565-collage.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1181" data-original-width="2000" height="378" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNAVYGQR4SpcC6SbOE5koCPk9zXN1opEJ7U1yp50_OoWPguGKCiiL6XOa4hoAGRA90ZDfq-ZWro1oP8iwHnhCNN-atIMGO9_G68gdSKXe51ODtAZnHwOqKFZZbUf_Guo4hn5hbVjWNVYy5vxQtEBfNA0EtKyCRURiWWM-2tNeeOOkYeKKk8B88SVKlOo8/w640-h378/IMG_6565-collage.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Crew members tend to cottonwood saplings and assess a non-native elm to be removed</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><h3 style="text-align: left;">Paton Preserve</h3><p style="text-align: left;">Tucson Audubon secured ownership of the roughly five-acre parcel between the Paton Center and the Nature Conservancy’s Patagonia-Sonoita Creek Preserve in 2019 and has begun the early stage work of surveying the land and removing invasive plant species. This beautiful area contains many HUGE cottonwoods and a healthy population of mature netleaf hackberry, velvet mesquite, and unfortunately a large meadow of mostly invasive Johnson grass. This is the ground floor of restoring habitat, and crews have been battling with the challenge of determining the best methods of controlling this grass and the other major species there: tree of heaven, Siberian elm, and vinca (periwinkle). In time, this new part of the Paton Center will contain trails amidst an array of native plantings.</p><p style="text-align: left;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixvZRBz0I0b4E0-tJb2_PoWjoFxEs31EDAsI0-3eZrwwhqMx6o4FjWDuFnFchsztBDlhW9omly7-V3hyphenhyphen6fPUrhU9M1AfFtF4eoc9iSs8GMtckwhCrCV2LtZyjCiwV0v_SU_EPO6g3xMdodDNMAjdNjHSvbobl-x_s8Qx6CM88x5daffzTcvyV0CGV3kUk/s1600/IMG_6586-medium.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixvZRBz0I0b4E0-tJb2_PoWjoFxEs31EDAsI0-3eZrwwhqMx6o4FjWDuFnFchsztBDlhW9omly7-V3hyphenhyphen6fPUrhU9M1AfFtF4eoc9iSs8GMtckwhCrCV2LtZyjCiwV0v_SU_EPO6g3xMdodDNMAjdNjHSvbobl-x_s8Qx6CM88x5daffzTcvyV0CGV3kUk/w640-h480/IMG_6586-medium.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>The mowed meadow of Johnson grass in the Paton Preserve with the giant cottonwoods of Sonoita Creek</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivi1CO6Vf9rD95w2X-z7aTGI1ygChOfJMzzDCsoA8pVctMQvRZj1-znNIlNKWtStjwY_LeJnLCRFy0PnbNELGI6Rs2mrCtnZUuKFIpM086yvbEUDAVLjmAi4mrc38-qqkVzGalkfxVdH16BjIiIPPjNBEcxIq_3yrSAVpAHulcdLGDfwhxg9diI8Ax6Fs/s2000/IMG_6575-collage.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1261" data-original-width="2000" height="404" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivi1CO6Vf9rD95w2X-z7aTGI1ygChOfJMzzDCsoA8pVctMQvRZj1-znNIlNKWtStjwY_LeJnLCRFy0PnbNELGI6Rs2mrCtnZUuKFIpM086yvbEUDAVLjmAi4mrc38-qqkVzGalkfxVdH16BjIiIPPjNBEcxIq_3yrSAVpAHulcdLGDfwhxg9diI8Ax6Fs/w640-h404/IMG_6575-collage.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>This large Siberian elm will remain for now; treated tree of heaven stumps</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><h3 style="text-align: left;">Cuckoo Corridor South<br /></h3><p style="text-align: left;">An “intermediate” stage of restoration can be found immediately across Sonoita Creek from the Paton Center in the Cuckoo Corridor South, aka the Robin Rincon. Clearing invasives began on this one-and-a-half-acre parcel in early 2023, and now new plantings can be seen amongst the giant stumps of the Siberian elms that were removed. Native hackberry, black walnut, cottonwood, and sacaton grass will benefit many more birds than the elm, tree of heaven, and arundo that once dominated the site and provided little nutritional value. Non-native plants also do not support the native insect species that many birds rely on as a food source. There is currently no public access and it’s yet to be determined what that will look like.</p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWkgusLZAHTg_QkYVZTuF0xHHI71YhRGDiefHTHoTJQTxQqhBGC5MwcnxAEH4PIPPpblC3mSKMRtqyT_AdlqWDuHoQ5a07fLnCod9_auuIdGMakIHZDtgOpWf1O_CloD6NmWWyEZU6slpBU4TRy9266zmPyr25llUIyULgI86QkUxyfXs4IfV_HOcoasI/s1600/IMG_6592-medium.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWkgusLZAHTg_QkYVZTuF0xHHI71YhRGDiefHTHoTJQTxQqhBGC5MwcnxAEH4PIPPpblC3mSKMRtqyT_AdlqWDuHoQ5a07fLnCod9_auuIdGMakIHZDtgOpWf1O_CloD6NmWWyEZU6slpBU4TRy9266zmPyr25llUIyULgI86QkUxyfXs4IfV_HOcoasI/w640-h480/IMG_6592-medium.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>New native plantings being watered in the Cuckoo Corridor South</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhGNtA1T9oqiQdxmwsRU6sdZmkx8kWOxJ7WzgNPUSWUehNxKL3cVO8tGbBoetdm9GYqcwr08IxtyPIGGlvJfRTpmzwjYEbhjqMiZGoP_7BY4E_GS3U0IRHhw-mPUsQXnlJvsTaQMFBjFveKzW5u7HEdsv0k3x9XdZ7VPn_i0kceh8AtVi5RbDg09EI958E/s2000/IMG_6596-collage.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1161" data-original-width="2000" height="372" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhGNtA1T9oqiQdxmwsRU6sdZmkx8kWOxJ7WzgNPUSWUehNxKL3cVO8tGbBoetdm9GYqcwr08IxtyPIGGlvJfRTpmzwjYEbhjqMiZGoP_7BY4E_GS3U0IRHhw-mPUsQXnlJvsTaQMFBjFveKzW5u7HEdsv0k3x9XdZ7VPn_i0kceh8AtVi5RbDg09EI958E/w640-h372/IMG_6596-collage.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Planting continues in the Corridor South</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><h3 style="text-align: left;">Cuckoo Corridor</h3><p style="text-align: left;">Along with the Richard Grand Memorial Meadow, this five-acre area just east of the Paton Center shows the results of hard work and time in habitat recovery. What was once a monoculture of Johnson grass under the cottonwoods along Sonoita Creek in 2017 is now a forest of mature giant sacaton bunch grass. Plants are established and no longer need watering, and while walking the trail that meanders through the site, you scarcely see signs of all the work. Explore it yourself and rest a bit under one of three new shade structures, and if the season is right, listen to the croaks of Western Yellow-billed Cuckoos in the tall trees.</p><p style="text-align: left;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjh9_JHNr-93JtFXs1-ruL2u1PAaH3GefbH_spD-I9iR-8I3M5PUDPYb9QZONsdOBw9z6c-_QM4w06lgZFfjm2YeozVOrDy-aq6Em58v2o-lrZToQaXvfR-0oxdmQzQjRx2F2A48jWkgSfulUZJZpmCoT-lgfTQ5vOtsoaHnAkWyz6sZB1bWfCfvrbXfyI/s2000/IMG_6600-collage.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1307" data-original-width="2000" height="418" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjh9_JHNr-93JtFXs1-ruL2u1PAaH3GefbH_spD-I9iR-8I3M5PUDPYb9QZONsdOBw9z6c-_QM4w06lgZFfjm2YeozVOrDy-aq6Em58v2o-lrZToQaXvfR-0oxdmQzQjRx2F2A48jWkgSfulUZJZpmCoT-lgfTQ5vOtsoaHnAkWyz6sZB1bWfCfvrbXfyI/w640-h418/IMG_6600-collage.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>The Cuckoo Corridor trail meanders through a mature landscape where you can find new shade ramadas</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZPvLRBb-MwsjnJ33CYIfjhtmCYi2Vxqv6G_LqCFUMNSvPNeLo5N1266gRi2aZUiUcz4zpBybcyBuPH_VUlsx_1OYFIf-Pb9zgjzXaMSHo1PK4w1i08IlckMvIat6va_0cdmgLhMg-eaUQQ1QdO8uLNHEYxbraD7v5h3DlyF0eDFysjy8IdCSF1RipPRU/s2000/IMG_6603-collage.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1307" data-original-width="2000" height="418" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZPvLRBb-MwsjnJ33CYIfjhtmCYi2Vxqv6G_LqCFUMNSvPNeLo5N1266gRi2aZUiUcz4zpBybcyBuPH_VUlsx_1OYFIf-Pb9zgjzXaMSHo1PK4w1i08IlckMvIat6va_0cdmgLhMg-eaUQQ1QdO8uLNHEYxbraD7v5h3DlyF0eDFysjy8IdCSF1RipPRU/w640-h418/IMG_6603-collage.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>A giant sacaton bunch grass will soon find a new home under the cottonwoods</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table></p><p style="text-align: left;"></p><p style="text-align: left;"></p><p style="text-align: left;"></p><p style="text-align: left;">You can help with this important work! If you’d like to be involved in making the Paton Center for Hummingbirds (and Habitat!) a better place for birds, there are several chances between now and February. Every 1st and 3rd Wednesday of the month Tucson Audubon is holding volunteer restoration days. <a href="https://tucsonaudubon.org/volunteer-opp/paton-center-invasive-plants-treatment/" target="_blank">See more info and sign up</a>!</p><p style="text-align: left;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcjKAYvQ1-WfzTAghNeMYh3x-8JjE6kNTtDQTH1tnbo6QP5KRYxLXO45iw8kdW_hBcXlXSGnBa_qADkGwVY7JExfA1-nCgBHx87H2hmEb-ED0-0Dvgu8CBCegJ_dN-8h3YBcdTde6wjG650kE24A07MVDUwgm1xF_EFrmQpXlqW8EVkwdShGLYDdm5nRk/s1600/IMG_6605-medium.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcjKAYvQ1-WfzTAghNeMYh3x-8JjE6kNTtDQTH1tnbo6QP5KRYxLXO45iw8kdW_hBcXlXSGnBa_qADkGwVY7JExfA1-nCgBHx87H2hmEb-ED0-0Dvgu8CBCegJ_dN-8h3YBcdTde6wjG650kE24A07MVDUwgm1xF_EFrmQpXlqW8EVkwdShGLYDdm5nRk/w640-h480/IMG_6605-medium.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>The pond in the Richard Grand Memorial Meadow is now a natural part of the Paton Center</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br />Stay tuned for more updates on the exciting work happening at the Paton Center for Hummingbirds!<br /><br /><i></i></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><i><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjU1zW2o0SsAFMo0MjSI6LQZXTSqBK-XkQgLnryBZOe7g3isUQCXjrHMZFXNNc0-ftn7lhgYRF-pOepnvwYZV-NqGovS4lO2lJbjf27lb3dX390lfrVxpuf9NZw6KtAPC-DlG-FPQCpmpDAA-HrFbksMzpenVtgIoXpf_9o2QWIwCP73SGGmRCYck4V3HQ/s509/Matt%20Griffiths%20new%20headshot.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="509" data-original-width="500" height="125" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjU1zW2o0SsAFMo0MjSI6LQZXTSqBK-XkQgLnryBZOe7g3isUQCXjrHMZFXNNc0-ftn7lhgYRF-pOepnvwYZV-NqGovS4lO2lJbjf27lb3dX390lfrVxpuf9NZw6KtAPC-DlG-FPQCpmpDAA-HrFbksMzpenVtgIoXpf_9o2QWIwCP73SGGmRCYck4V3HQ/w123-h125/Matt%20Griffiths%20new%20headshot.jpg" width="123" /></a></i></div><i><br />Matt Griffiths is the Communications Coordinator for Tucson Audubon.</i><p></p>Tucson Audubonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14909205833542750535noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6336484123485799841.post-47168360860435580332023-11-15T09:23:00.001-07:002023-11-16T09:59:24.285-07:00Luna y Sol: Building Community Through Thriving Habitat <p><b>By Stephanie Kopplin</b></p><p><b></b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi19SNIGmPR3Qyc6ZmCl1o7QD3bnCBEe97Mt8b6dI7rB7hWCRm2Ikg17Iy6Shyphenhypheng8G84xHsIC9uYc4WjjkzEiAiF-SgRyCuhupzOTc2Mij2SXc7qrRftrZhPKQ4TYyQDtkNhJSh-uUc8KuCBSwC4JD_p_IayRsDnJl1_BppCDHJJYez9BEcBAa3UKMNFUCU/s3000/0B0A2D42-90A1-484F-9CC0-F1EC696CFEC2_1_201_a-large.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2250" data-original-width="3000" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi19SNIGmPR3Qyc6ZmCl1o7QD3bnCBEe97Mt8b6dI7rB7hWCRm2Ikg17Iy6Shyphenhypheng8G84xHsIC9uYc4WjjkzEiAiF-SgRyCuhupzOTc2Mij2SXc7qrRftrZhPKQ4TYyQDtkNhJSh-uUc8KuCBSwC4JD_p_IayRsDnJl1_BppCDHJJYez9BEcBAa3UKMNFUCU/w640-h480/0B0A2D42-90A1-484F-9CC0-F1EC696CFEC2_1_201_a-large.jpg" width="640" /></a></b></div><p><br />On Friday, October 20th, Tucson Audubon joined forces with the <a href="https://www.southtucsonaz.gov/publicworks" target="_blank">City of South Tucson’s Public Works Department</a>, <a href="https://www.facebook.com/BarrioRestoration/" target="_blank">Barrio Restoration</a> and 100+ <a href="https://unitedwaytucson.org/days-of-caring/" target="_blank">United Way</a> volunteers to “pour love into the soil” at <a href="https://www.instagram.com/lunaysolcafe/" target="_blank">Luna y Sol Cafe</a> in South Tucson. Cafe owner, and native South Tucsonan, Selina Barajas first met Tucson Audubon staff at <a href="https://tucsonaudubon.blogspot.com/2023/09/parking-day-for-pollinators.html" target="_blank">PARK[ing] Day </a>and was inspired to transform a vacant lot, adjacent to the forthcoming cafe, into a community gathering space and habitat hub.</p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjyRlqDKrbu7SgBeZe5heV1dHkxOk6giIfDdkqQtqWSBRxHWCV85611u0CDn0rI64-pmcwcQzv8i1xvmcVghj-Ynf_5FUbTz5Z6HqaLA5rdj7CPPFY_pHEr1I7g3WO_xuAbTC5TW4gRmdJ5rK9dWm3fRQrZcp8-wmsK9_rr4MtJ2xYI_mWS_IjZfMHHZU/s3000/3DE589DA-F12C-4887-8B16-48DF645C8904_1_201_a-large.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2250" data-original-width="3000" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjyRlqDKrbu7SgBeZe5heV1dHkxOk6giIfDdkqQtqWSBRxHWCV85611u0CDn0rI64-pmcwcQzv8i1xvmcVghj-Ynf_5FUbTz5Z6HqaLA5rdj7CPPFY_pHEr1I7g3WO_xuAbTC5TW4gRmdJ5rK9dWm3fRQrZcp8-wmsK9_rr4MtJ2xYI_mWS_IjZfMHHZU/w640-h480/3DE589DA-F12C-4887-8B16-48DF645C8904_1_201_a-large.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><p>The cafe is located in the City of South Tucson, one of the most heat vulnerable communities in the Tucson metropolitan area. Opportunities to access nature and relax in cooling habitat zones are extremely limited and reflect a history of inequitable distribution of green infrastructure across the region. <br /><br />This 1.2-square mile city within a city is often ineligible for Federal funding, like that being dispersed through the Inflation Reduction Act and Bipartisan Infrastructure Law, because it doesn’t meet the “city” designation criteria required for the grants. As such, communities in South Tucson have encountered barriers when trying to secure consistent funding to invest in parks, access to open space, and ongoing maintenance of shared community spaces.<br /><br />To help her neighborhood connect with nature despite these challenges, Selina has worked tirelessly to advance a vision of community health and wellness for the site and build a coalition of partners invested in addressing environmental injustices to create a community oasis. In pursuit of this collaborative vision, Tucson Audubon worked with Selina to develop an overall site plan and select the wildlife-supporting trees that were planted during the United Way volunteer event.</p><p></p><p><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQzoOtBnUWKAYS_MzFKarlz_dPZbaw5op_1wiDyM4s1NlxQGmfzn63BolTWgt8LKVu_YfoHZCN-HyEabzzA7tesnCyWNU75DzFzZL3m8s_IfOk3iQTq4dU4eAD0DJpC9qzk7h-iD7Zr7IrKAHgAE3-aDbbH1fS6XFidrkGYlV0kcQn9UagduWEKUnUdfY/s3000/8D9B1BE0-5C85-4763-AD2D-83B504B1C248_1_201_a-large.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2250" data-original-width="3000" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQzoOtBnUWKAYS_MzFKarlz_dPZbaw5op_1wiDyM4s1NlxQGmfzn63BolTWgt8LKVu_YfoHZCN-HyEabzzA7tesnCyWNU75DzFzZL3m8s_IfOk3iQTq4dU4eAD0DJpC9qzk7h-iD7Zr7IrKAHgAE3-aDbbH1fS6XFidrkGYlV0kcQn9UagduWEKUnUdfY/w640-h480/8D9B1BE0-5C85-4763-AD2D-83B504B1C248_1_201_a-large.jpg" width="640" /></a><br /></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgylMSoIHaXd3quAWTl1LlQiPEBaQjcerbkjKyA-V9ozbo7U-AwVTPE6T2Pp_189A36dB4NHKV_pNP_DT9Vsuqnn6lmrfy-HAdyO8aJdzjlJKyeCGYY2HKBsJrg6-nTfmW7_lJGNhkMav_1xOEkBdYALC32ffD_q7vGxZq7CXgK9CoXTNFFPyiLJVrXPak/s2250/IMG_5132-large%20collage.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1431" data-original-width="2250" height="408" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgylMSoIHaXd3quAWTl1LlQiPEBaQjcerbkjKyA-V9ozbo7U-AwVTPE6T2Pp_189A36dB4NHKV_pNP_DT9Vsuqnn6lmrfy-HAdyO8aJdzjlJKyeCGYY2HKBsJrg6-nTfmW7_lJGNhkMav_1xOEkBdYALC32ffD_q7vGxZq7CXgK9CoXTNFFPyiLJVrXPak/w640-h408/IMG_5132-large%20collage.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><p>Buoyed by cumbias and birria, the team successfully planted five trees and prepared the soil for future rainwater harvesting features and native plants to increase habitat diversity and create a rich sensory experience for cafe visitors.<br /><br />Partners are pursuing additional funding to move the Luna y Sol project into the next phase of earthwork and planting to fully realize the vision of a thriving habitat hub where people and wildlife can find refuge and build community through enhanced connections to nature. <br /></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><a href="https://www.kold.com/2023/10/21/pouring-love-into-soil-parking-lot-luna-y-sol-cafe-part-united-ways-24th-annual-days-caring/" target="_blank">KOLD Interview</a></li><li><a href="https://thisistucson.com/eat/a-coffee-shop-is-coming-to-south-tucson-but-its-so-much-more-than-that/article_695b7f64-6abc-11ed-9d6b-8313754f6e5f.html" target="_blank">Learn more about Luna y Sol Cafe</a></li></ul><p></p><p><i></i></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><i><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEix70rJwt2f1_xxQ6KfFJ3-p5kiOSFNglx_v9Qc_RAyVZAj9l8wxQs_ak5yqhYjs3N0k9geAPQZ6PYiLEEjvh3lQXiiKvFLgVOah_zrfGKaKugKHUssV4t7hOxaSTAyA9UPcgyetse4pxRO157OgAnKTh3HtlCl0FZYKLRrPAo2R6ABasUXwCAV98ZSuRk/s400/Stephanie%20Kopplin.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="400" data-original-width="400" height="113" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEix70rJwt2f1_xxQ6KfFJ3-p5kiOSFNglx_v9Qc_RAyVZAj9l8wxQs_ak5yqhYjs3N0k9geAPQZ6PYiLEEjvh3lQXiiKvFLgVOah_zrfGKaKugKHUssV4t7hOxaSTAyA9UPcgyetse4pxRO157OgAnKTh3HtlCl0FZYKLRrPAo2R6ABasUXwCAV98ZSuRk/w113-h113/Stephanie%20Kopplin.jpg" width="113" /></a></i></div><i><br />Stephanie Kopplin is the <span>Director of Urban Conservation & Sustainability at Tucson Audubon.</span></i> <p></p>Tucson Audubonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14909205833542750535noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6336484123485799841.post-29369689368666757072023-11-01T13:21:00.001-07:002023-11-02T09:57:36.543-07:00Lizards and Roadrunners in the Desert Landscape<p><b>By Matt Griffiths</b></p><p><b><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEgJvX0kZoB4sRS1aepJWOfqqeLinEaQ9mwQx3xFY3Bt3SIhcdAP8vpodpj1-9YJMwk2_egGcGRPBcgPBupAUMQ902_5PY5bxWqueAkRJxckMoQAD1rM1SoaXskptKlinz5uvr6kSXuYTHnzs1kfAhzGC8FpIF3R26Im0SXwElUZXZWf0Eh0Pi02pD9eA/s4114/Greater%20Roadrunner_Mick%20Thompson%20(2).jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2743" data-original-width="4114" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEgJvX0kZoB4sRS1aepJWOfqqeLinEaQ9mwQx3xFY3Bt3SIhcdAP8vpodpj1-9YJMwk2_egGcGRPBcgPBupAUMQ902_5PY5bxWqueAkRJxckMoQAD1rM1SoaXskptKlinz5uvr6kSXuYTHnzs1kfAhzGC8FpIF3R26Im0SXwElUZXZWf0Eh0Pi02pD9eA/w640-h426/Greater%20Roadrunner_Mick%20Thompson%20(2).jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Greater Roadrunner, Mick Thompson</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table></b><br />A fun and unique aspect of life in the Sonoran Desert is the opportunity to observe lizards—lots of lizards! In fact, the 100-mile circle around the Tucson area is home to 44 different kinds of lizards and this equates to one-third of all the species in the US. A major factor in this is that Tucson is situated at the crossroads of multiple bioregions, and it’s a meeting place where lizards of the west bump up against lizards from the east. Lizards from the mountainous south in Mexico also come north to join the party in our Sky Island mountains ranges. Nowhere else can you find such a beautiful diversity of species including but not limited to spiny, whiptail, horned, alligator, collared, and leopard lizards, desert iguana, and of course, the Gila monster, our largest native lizard and the only venomous one in the US. <br /><br />Most Tucsonans don’t have to worry (or get excited!) about Gila Monsters outside their door, but lizard numbers are still surprisingly good even in the urban core of the city. Many of us can count on seeing ornate tree lizards, desert spiny lizards, Sonoran spotted whiptails, and an occasional zebra-tailed lizard right in our own yards. It’s fun to watch the lizard calendar year unfold right before your eyes: the first signs of warmer weather when a spiny lizard awakens from hibernation in March; the onset of fall when you realize you haven’t seen a whiptail in over a week and it’s October. <br /><br />What’s not to like about lizards? They are charismatic little reptiles that bask in the sunny patches of our yards, do push ups on our rocks, and love the desert heat even more than we do. It’s great fun to watch their dramas, relationships, and territorial actions play out on our patios. Lizards keep the desert ecosystem in check by consuming large amounts of insects.</p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpD1q4Qo_KMMygDChvkQzP5JhhJsCv7yges4ZTTpAtnmhwFv133_-Y8wnRjVmHoKUwgcyf6Sj33Hks9EdTE5OVwx17zDIrEfmzYwSuHj-vyJ8M-cUzhOZPJulKjWthOtRh_7ewplrV_zKgdM693cgCzoJf-Y3d65AGWhKYS7H9k0t0sJWL3zy0yvzLGmU/s2048/19239126851_063de7f6a5_k.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1463" data-original-width="2048" height="458" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpD1q4Qo_KMMygDChvkQzP5JhhJsCv7yges4ZTTpAtnmhwFv133_-Y8wnRjVmHoKUwgcyf6Sj33Hks9EdTE5OVwx17zDIrEfmzYwSuHj-vyJ8M-cUzhOZPJulKjWthOtRh_7ewplrV_zKgdM693cgCzoJf-Y3d65AGWhKYS7H9k0t0sJWL3zy0yvzLGmU/w640-h458/19239126851_063de7f6a5_k.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Desert spiny lizard, Doris Evans</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p>Lizards also contribute to the overall health of the desert by becoming a food resource for other animals including many carnivorous birds such as the American Kestrel. One local bird that has a taste for all manner of small vertebrates still relies heavily on eating lizards, especially when it has young to feed. The Greater Roadrunner’s primary source of protein for rapidly growing chicks is lizards, and it rarely nests in an area without them. If you’re ever lucky enough to view a roadrunner nest for an extended period of time, you would likely be amazed at how many lizards it takes to raise a pair of young birds. <br /><br />Also known as Chaparral Cock, Snake Killer, and Medicine Bird, the Greater Roadrunner looks unlike any other bird in the US (although there is the similar Lesser Roadrunner in southern Mexico). At about two feet in length from bill tip to the end of that very long tail, roadrunners could actually be mistaken for a tiny velociraptor patrolling the desert floor using short, low flights and their parallel-to-the-ground running style. <br /><br />The Greater Roadrunner is found in deserts and arid grasslands across the southwest and northern Mexico and has a number of adaptations that allow it to thrive in these hot and dry habitats. They can flutter the unfeathered area under the chin to shed heat (gular fluttering), maximize water intake from the prey they eat, and also conserve water by secreting concentrated salt through eye glands, a trait shared with seabirds. Like woodpeckers, owls, parrots, and osprey, roadrunners have zygodactyl feet (two toes forward and two toes back) that likely give them greater dexterity when running at speeds of up to 20 mph. The Loop trail is a good place to spot them.<br /><br />How can you increase the chances of getting lizards and roadrunners to inhabit your outdoor spaces? Here are a few things you can do: <br /><br /><b>Create rock and brush piles</b><br />These features help lizards hide from predators, buffer temperature fluctuations, and provide safe winter hibernation locations. A rock pile at the base of a large tree also helps protect arboreal lizards by providing a safe haven for them when they fall from a tree. We don’t want to make it too easy for the roadrunners!<br /><br /><b>Plant native plants</b><br />Native desert trees, especially velvet mesquite, that are allowed to grow in their natural shapes provide ideal temperature control and contain lots of bark crevice hiding places for lizards as well as the insect food they require. Plant the native grama grasses and resulting seeds that support harvester ant colonies, a preferred food source of horned lizards.<br /><br /><b>Eliminate pesticide use</b><br />A healthy, pesticide-free insect population in your yard will not harm the lizards that hunt them.<br /><br />Greater Roadrunners favor areas of natural desert or larger urban patches that contain thick mesquite, prickly pear, and cholla. These will be places they can hide, hunt, and build nests. If there is a healthy lizard population, they just might show up!<br /><br />Visit <a href="https://tucsonaudubon.org/habitat">tucsonaudubon.org/habitat</a> today to learn more about attracting lizards, roadrunners, and other wildlife to your yard in Tucson Audubon’s Habitat at Home program. <br /><br /><i></i></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><i><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhQllbPOBwg-5LUazIrjt6MCX2Dq0NZYRv7WehWkXnoDS7n4sraA3jSZxl6DT04XQ5ZrRhsAgIhgmsJkijP5OTJQZPNaTX6rXwu7gpd1lx2beQ61yT0cPWG-NEjvC23OYOgcuSsv39GMEl8rdeiNvayMats5eAf52G7eYXxv635eG_zlTHGKdf_iGAIyM/s509/Matt%20Griffiths%20new%20headshot.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="509" data-original-width="500" height="130" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhQllbPOBwg-5LUazIrjt6MCX2Dq0NZYRv7WehWkXnoDS7n4sraA3jSZxl6DT04XQ5ZrRhsAgIhgmsJkijP5OTJQZPNaTX6rXwu7gpd1lx2beQ61yT0cPWG-NEjvC23OYOgcuSsv39GMEl8rdeiNvayMats5eAf52G7eYXxv635eG_zlTHGKdf_iGAIyM/w127-h130/Matt%20Griffiths%20new%20headshot.jpg" width="127" /></a></i></div><i><br />Matt Griffiths is Communications Coordinator for Tucson Audubon.</i><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><p></p>Tucson Audubonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14909205833542750535noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6336484123485799841.post-4318697233968012342023-10-19T15:03:00.000-07:002023-10-19T15:03:56.853-07:00A Day with the Burrowing Owls<p><!--[if !mso]>
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</p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><b>By Dan Weisz </b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-YVCAQIJttr3Lp8vkcypi2LBNvKCrT94A4UVSI8lsqZWqWb0iSmD-tVGVSN-pBxYVxfxle2GmWfOVdwxjS_G8oBL0SpTRBhYb0jz1nwoL3yIcoXhuNDfqkzITqKSWIgYaOnhdXUV59gbx8lLeSlNMBmuAEVyxUffUNH5AxebYu25W1q_U3yKM9tLktTM/s800/BUOW2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="640" data-original-width="800" height="512" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-YVCAQIJttr3Lp8vkcypi2LBNvKCrT94A4UVSI8lsqZWqWb0iSmD-tVGVSN-pBxYVxfxle2GmWfOVdwxjS_G8oBL0SpTRBhYb0jz1nwoL3yIcoXhuNDfqkzITqKSWIgYaOnhdXUV59gbx8lLeSlNMBmuAEVyxUffUNH5AxebYu25W1q_U3yKM9tLktTM/w640-h512/BUOW2.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><b></b><p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I recently traveled to one
location in Pima County where Wild At Heart relocates rescued Burrowing Owls
from around the state. This site is marked “No Trespassing”. Some of
the human-made burrows are visible at a distance from the side of the road. Each burrow is marked with a stake that provides a perch for the
family of owls. The burrows were
created with long flexible tubing that runs underground to a large inverted
five-gallon container that is used as the owl’s home. Usually there is
both an entrance tubing and an exit tubing for the owls. </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJ6qn6-PiH5MyxWkJrXkfz3O7PnNHGVu6MvCqW-lwtMJdpDu7viKgWTCTZztjzyRKWoX4-VHqokp2kHTHZyjpdwV30yY3lTBdoBys7qh4dWFcjrHatrULDTqDjhrbiHb_BA4bKrpNjjWN9G_2mImqEgzE30KzAHceU-A82kCbDhmJgpxy4a1lRp3vhxc0/s800/buow1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="640" data-original-width="800" height="512" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJ6qn6-PiH5MyxWkJrXkfz3O7PnNHGVu6MvCqW-lwtMJdpDu7viKgWTCTZztjzyRKWoX4-VHqokp2kHTHZyjpdwV30yY3lTBdoBys7qh4dWFcjrHatrULDTqDjhrbiHb_BA4bKrpNjjWN9G_2mImqEgzE30KzAHceU-A82kCbDhmJgpxy4a1lRp3vhxc0/w640-h512/buow1.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I
drove to another spot where I’ve seen a family of Burrowing Owls over the
years. The first hour that I was there, I saw nothing. It was just too
darn hot for these birds to be out of their burrows. After 6:00 as the sun neared the
horizon, the owls came out of their burrows but sought the shade and
moisture of the cornfield near their burrow. Eventually
the entire family came out of the burrow. I saw 5 owls at a time, with some
going in and out of the burrow. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">At one point two owls were going in and out
of the entrance. One of the owls began digging out the entrance to the
burrow. The other owl seemed to be peeved at all of the flying dirt but
he wouldn’t move. Burrowing Owls will dig with their beaks but also kick
soil back using their feet. As fast and furious as this dirt was flying, I’m
sure the owl inside was using its feet.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTUKqoUekv112uf8frQecv0O5-Tx_Z_2t77xDf_hwah2CHLYqq1uhoO2O4WtfP6qHthL2kbnlvrSrlrV7I4LoSsF4s0Wn7KlZRwympxpI8lfdIbpsUzxURtWi_9KH8lh2O3wQts9fRVdiLdVQb83qbFf9FZ26fEfuIKaZ0DQpP2ErQJTbMiBKTb0cyvKk/s800/BUOW3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="640" data-original-width="800" height="512" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTUKqoUekv112uf8frQecv0O5-Tx_Z_2t77xDf_hwah2CHLYqq1uhoO2O4WtfP6qHthL2kbnlvrSrlrV7I4LoSsF4s0Wn7KlZRwympxpI8lfdIbpsUzxURtWi_9KH8lh2O3wQts9fRVdiLdVQb83qbFf9FZ26fEfuIKaZ0DQpP2ErQJTbMiBKTb0cyvKk/w640-h512/BUOW3.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Burrowing
Owls are diurnal. That means they are active during the day. They
are most active at dawn and dusk but will hunt during the day and also during
the night. During the day they might be found at any perch near their
burrow. </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Here,
a Burrowing Owl is perched atop an ear of corn. This ear looks very dried out. Every once in a while that owl appeared to be nibbling at the top of the
ear. I suspect there might have been insects consuming the corn and the owl was
picking off the insects.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdCoxInAuBc5s8pwyfI7Pxb1XcIz5LwY5Gz2_sdsNkkfDVy_EAPDbXKzdiH02c2NQhDuMvVCzPnZ5EudX5b6ZqLtW_lAuTFhM_9yokh0CPuGC9qsfI55LNywsBEUQWoQ9PdFbXxYv6lVS1LaD2xhNYqFrZhInciN5k8oPu2Vwwc8WIVANWME9nZvm7O6I/s800/BUOW4.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="800" data-original-width="640" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdCoxInAuBc5s8pwyfI7Pxb1XcIz5LwY5Gz2_sdsNkkfDVy_EAPDbXKzdiH02c2NQhDuMvVCzPnZ5EudX5b6ZqLtW_lAuTFhM_9yokh0CPuGC9qsfI55LNywsBEUQWoQ9PdFbXxYv6lVS1LaD2xhNYqFrZhInciN5k8oPu2Vwwc8WIVANWME9nZvm7O6I/w512-h640/BUOW4.jpg" width="512" /></a></div><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">As
the sun neared the horizon, the light changed to a golden glow which happens
near sunset. The Burrowing Owls seemed to be at attention, waiting and
watching the sun drop. Here
is a close-up of one of the owls on the dirt watching the sun go down. Even at
sunset is still hot enough that this bird is holding its wings to its side to
aid in cooling.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBkCmknsRjQLwogC9LLkFnrBuWQ_nLpEYtjIKHw1l19Ig0su9YHqkw4WeYj54AuCR2a-axWHNq2gIE51_jUymNRJd0oeCI08oL-pGjoFl3FtW2eo7LAnJVfIWYMhuRHdZm-JPR4QwB5PNWza74sVGWg4zyRP1uR0SZM0DMG9sOX7629lmjzuVLW0dFoPM/s800/BUOW5.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="800" data-original-width="640" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBkCmknsRjQLwogC9LLkFnrBuWQ_nLpEYtjIKHw1l19Ig0su9YHqkw4WeYj54AuCR2a-axWHNq2gIE51_jUymNRJd0oeCI08oL-pGjoFl3FtW2eo7LAnJVfIWYMhuRHdZm-JPR4QwB5PNWza74sVGWg4zyRP1uR0SZM0DMG9sOX7629lmjzuVLW0dFoPM/w512-h640/BUOW5.jpg" width="512" /></a></div><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwhwvvLWiJyMzgwYD7DlUmuo_0d3fU4938e9YI5MZNR_Y0k7EqcySXiQ1IQNDzi1qRxsv1NoCGc3IWfBm2uPErwE4DkNpFZWUT38QOh2GALU10TmHZvhIrCDL2ShIBH7RXAem2pK_D8RmCfTznAaGgLsPmiC5L3yLEUYY551iiU-Rek3w5M8uVAoUetsE/s800/BUOW7.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="800" data-original-width="640" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwhwvvLWiJyMzgwYD7DlUmuo_0d3fU4938e9YI5MZNR_Y0k7EqcySXiQ1IQNDzi1qRxsv1NoCGc3IWfBm2uPErwE4DkNpFZWUT38QOh2GALU10TmHZvhIrCDL2ShIBH7RXAem2pK_D8RmCfTznAaGgLsPmiC5L3yLEUYY551iiU-Rek3w5M8uVAoUetsE/w512-h640/BUOW7.jpg" width="512" /></a></div><p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Some
raptors give an indication when they are going to fly out. Some don’t.
Burrowing Owls are part of the group that goes from zero to 100 in an instant.
The owl that we just saw standing calmly on the ground just decided to fly off,
past me, to join two others that had flown to a nearby power line. You
can get a sense of how long the owl’s wings are when they are extended.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiEOeUghQNdBEALKWwlbvzDrdZgfdX-A8o8MFvCLXPrfxakynk_D3C3UN2FEJnd1gKY2gBgC1R1Iazrv2lws8Bzd-f3uKNWZQXCDY3ZdV5Xp3Irs7FzAWhH4xHDh8N3qTTrWIEdLoo1ij2TVIRtqJT6qnLHafVIfLVNm5Gzeju21URqMdYMscivZZcXmhQ/s800/BUOW6.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="640" data-original-width="800" height="512" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiEOeUghQNdBEALKWwlbvzDrdZgfdX-A8o8MFvCLXPrfxakynk_D3C3UN2FEJnd1gKY2gBgC1R1Iazrv2lws8Bzd-f3uKNWZQXCDY3ZdV5Xp3Irs7FzAWhH4xHDh8N3qTTrWIEdLoo1ij2TVIRtqJT6qnLHafVIfLVNm5Gzeju21URqMdYMscivZZcXmhQ/w640-h512/BUOW6.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><p></p>
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</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The
Burrowing Owls were very jumpy as the sun lowered in the sky. One owl had been
sitting on the corn when suddenly it flew. Another
nearby owl remained on the corn silk, the tassel of fibers that
protrude from the tip of the ear of corn. It was watching the activity of
the other owls. Suddenly
one owl flew overhead and the owl on the corn silk watched it fly
directly above it, looking ready to react.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8OsZmN9aLsgGsx3DFu4f6uKDUnfRFQCoflRnCFX5zQRPMaoNzn8iMS7DtanhBaHLLYjaro7GW5UPh6EJF-7qpgnEoNeWWr_OuEDuJQjrBp8oCHOW3VEXrQENzPFQcyBUjlUxGUmd8grod_L7vUUX2OSBVD5bh7QJitnUHGj1nVepTntHChCIbRRObZ6g/s800/BUOW8.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="640" data-original-width="800" height="512" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8OsZmN9aLsgGsx3DFu4f6uKDUnfRFQCoflRnCFX5zQRPMaoNzn8iMS7DtanhBaHLLYjaro7GW5UPh6EJF-7qpgnEoNeWWr_OuEDuJQjrBp8oCHOW3VEXrQENzPFQcyBUjlUxGUmd8grod_L7vUUX2OSBVD5bh7QJitnUHGj1nVepTntHChCIbRRObZ6g/w640-h512/BUOW8.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">And
react it did. As soon as the other Burrowing Owl passed by, the one on the corn
silk took off. Look at how long those wings are!</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjnmMCSauS4pQ3rHB7FwYx9pIDy9OnpzmtWA4UP5Ko4tcWKSIDt1Z4tQ2mz5eIGIZf3Pfxqdlxmnc4XMpebXAHlXgEhWoynclGEWhaqBBxrzzy1L0N2F_o3V0Sm5LP3qYbU-fzv8Rb0QkL4tmSrjCZ9JFwjLPIQmXCXTJg5WjS8S-7yo2FDIzOcntOdv98/s800/BUOW9.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="640" data-original-width="800" height="512" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjnmMCSauS4pQ3rHB7FwYx9pIDy9OnpzmtWA4UP5Ko4tcWKSIDt1Z4tQ2mz5eIGIZf3Pfxqdlxmnc4XMpebXAHlXgEhWoynclGEWhaqBBxrzzy1L0N2F_o3V0Sm5LP3qYbU-fzv8Rb0QkL4tmSrjCZ9JFwjLPIQmXCXTJg5WjS8S-7yo2FDIzOcntOdv98/w640-h512/BUOW9.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Moments
later one Burrowing Owl flew back to the corn. When it landed, its left wing
was drooped over a large leaf. The bird looked very awkward. It then raised
both of its wings to try to bring the left wing back against its side. It
was successful. It settled down, looked relaxed, and then glanced right at me. The Burrowing Owl's pupils are very large in this shot as the light
was growing more dim.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9i1gKGbqSaIlc3d_ADwFw9gXzETBVwljQQWpBT1sDp0FAkXnnq-amRwW85wALirTFJXMUvIz8ZCiNOs24FYRxLdv6IZH25vbKkWAyAxFmLTs0z57ZfPuK_QYUfi2SGkHNfgOqcNj6CqRA6uDSW_bX8EBX6J7iyeSYrvZ5DoX6U9jpALHK6MLjkUBKGJg/s800/BUOW10.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="640" data-original-width="800" height="512" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9i1gKGbqSaIlc3d_ADwFw9gXzETBVwljQQWpBT1sDp0FAkXnnq-amRwW85wALirTFJXMUvIz8ZCiNOs24FYRxLdv6IZH25vbKkWAyAxFmLTs0z57ZfPuK_QYUfi2SGkHNfgOqcNj6CqRA6uDSW_bX8EBX6J7iyeSYrvZ5DoX6U9jpALHK6MLjkUBKGJg/w640-h512/BUOW10.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I
returned to the owl’s burrow just five days later, and was
stunned at what I saw. The farmers had harvested all of the corn. What
might have been one square mile of cornfield was now just stubble and bare
ground. I felt bad for the owls as now the coolness of the tall cornfield
was gone, as was the shade and the habitat that might have attracted more
insects and prey animals. Yet the farmer had to do what the farmer had to
do, and the owls have adapted to living in all sorts of environments. </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdZyyE-LxO6NKp5WkIFfEvatzBYeg9ovBwU9zWGKpN_PPP1bfsx1HMG2_UpXaYXc9LC-lR20zWamqtHFSeUCO9Y5-ix9KavlaeiSIxcVS88iu1Du16g0lSHbpjwm6bXr_-MwyS45Bd1M0GgxkDZ4PoYHFwnu-yzcNWmPC4e2hPG7eMAMfDNlj17e1d7e8/s800/BUOW11.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="533" data-original-width="800" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdZyyE-LxO6NKp5WkIFfEvatzBYeg9ovBwU9zWGKpN_PPP1bfsx1HMG2_UpXaYXc9LC-lR20zWamqtHFSeUCO9Y5-ix9KavlaeiSIxcVS88iu1Du16g0lSHbpjwm6bXr_-MwyS45Bd1M0GgxkDZ4PoYHFwnu-yzcNWmPC4e2hPG7eMAMfDNlj17e1d7e8/w640-h426/BUOW11.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The
Burrowing Owls were still around, but once they came up out of the burrow, they
scattered. One lone owl remained at the burrow, looking across
the fields where the rest of the family had scattered. At one point it
jumped straight up, and then came straight back down. Who knows what jinxed it,
but it was funny to see that quick hop. Burrowing
Owls are so fun to observe. </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhDDxMv8osNbB8-yKY7Yj4id2FRBFCUNEWQgwOgkFvOvvqorolUi_1-9QCb9p3FJ4N52PBhZGTlLE4xttZjMe35pf1yPSbB5ex72oh-tgnizVhRBvx6V5n_9XU5mZtZfo-vbbaIAE7SR8OJ7hzJsR0K21vXpiisbCRyQzXTJd2he1f1rnTO7h48XT4_8o/s800/BUOW12.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="800" data-original-width="640" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhDDxMv8osNbB8-yKY7Yj4id2FRBFCUNEWQgwOgkFvOvvqorolUi_1-9QCb9p3FJ4N52PBhZGTlLE4xttZjMe35pf1yPSbB5ex72oh-tgnizVhRBvx6V5n_9XU5mZtZfo-vbbaIAE7SR8OJ7hzJsR0K21vXpiisbCRyQzXTJd2he1f1rnTO7h48XT4_8o/w320-h400/BUOW12.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br /> <p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><i>Dan Weisz is </i></span><i>a native Tucsonan and retired educator who enjoys
birding, being in nature, and taking photographs.</i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>Tucson Audubonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14909205833542750535noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6336484123485799841.post-86803770361992500842023-10-04T12:55:00.000-07:002023-10-05T08:50:12.752-07:00Mexican Spotted Owls and a Globally Important Bird Area in the Chiricahua Mountains<p><b>By Jennie MacFarland and Helen Snyder</b></p><p><b><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXfbDRk7qdOlF0QJThIh2yocuNjUMKqwdJlh82W6kPaQmgqMjRlV5wJg-0r8TdSt42TLAC1sDo36bm5D7p0HH10TvSY6_MuquvT0EiP34oJA71WNUxVT4M59t2AHuMaDr0sHXKxckkuIHjmLvyXvOaR5sSpgz2BkXUNXCrUBatS5KkZWeWJQ9owDRKbos/s1356/Chicahua%20Moutains%20IBA%20dedication_09-2023%20(11)%20edit.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="900" data-original-width="1356" height="424" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXfbDRk7qdOlF0QJThIh2yocuNjUMKqwdJlh82W6kPaQmgqMjRlV5wJg-0r8TdSt42TLAC1sDo36bm5D7p0HH10TvSY6_MuquvT0EiP34oJA71WNUxVT4M59t2AHuMaDr0sHXKxckkuIHjmLvyXvOaR5sSpgz2BkXUNXCrUBatS5KkZWeWJQ9owDRKbos/w640-h424/Chicahua%20Moutains%20IBA%20dedication_09-2023%20(11)%20edit.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Bird walk and dedication ceremony in South Fork</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table></b><br />The Chiricahua Mountains Global Important Bird Area (IBA) was dedicated September 10 as part of the Portal Heritage Days event. Program coordinator Jennie MacFarland gave a talk on owls of the Chiricahuas and the following morning led a bird walk that culminated in the IBA dedication event in South Fork, Cave Creek Canyon. </p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjmZYpcHYP1koNTxUTE_TvkauGu-4pIALqlriS_kUAVgq1_yQogUipEK-ZsV5fpuRpn9RBIJf7I85a9iaSQsIITvqmhCIKsKzXeqQJBjNNwHBi3Ck4lok3hrHiC44Z2xWTUaOhk9EBlmlokUkAuvZ19T-yJX2nQcA5KFWKZ9BtuAx5zxAlpLp7PUkKuPo/s1600/Chicahua%20Moutains%20IBA%20dedication_09-2023%20(14).jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjmZYpcHYP1koNTxUTE_TvkauGu-4pIALqlriS_kUAVgq1_yQogUipEK-ZsV5fpuRpn9RBIJf7I85a9iaSQsIITvqmhCIKsKzXeqQJBjNNwHBi3Ck4lok3hrHiC44Z2xWTUaOhk9EBlmlokUkAuvZ19T-yJX2nQcA5KFWKZ9BtuAx5zxAlpLp7PUkKuPo/w640-h480/Chicahua%20Moutains%20IBA%20dedication_09-2023%20(14).jpg" width="640" /></a></div><p>This IBA was established in 2003 and then formally designated a Global IBA in 2009 due to its abundance of Mexican Spotted Owl nesting pairs. These owls are listed as Threatened under the Endangered Species Act and the Chiricahua Mountains IBA meets the threshold criteria to be recognized as a site of global significance. There was a great turnout from the Portal community and we are so grateful to all who came to celebrate this excellent habitat that supports over 300 bird species within one of the most beautiful Sky Islands in Southeast Arizona. </p><p></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZe-nuROhEXsaDXEsW1aBw7rIAZpt5O9gE1CyMqcUKJn_PJwsUacIE4_isewkoSQaPalWp0dEUP-uXhnomPumixkK3CIqN8ulrUaq9jf56VE8_XDsDMlFGlTFzhYo884C5bIFNngjLdyxbUQLyt9G5q0S2XvlHjTm1DXgPy2e0JFw8eeX5ENr45OmkhDc/s869/MSPOW_frank%20Retes%20(2).jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="647" data-original-width="869" height="476" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZe-nuROhEXsaDXEsW1aBw7rIAZpt5O9gE1CyMqcUKJn_PJwsUacIE4_isewkoSQaPalWp0dEUP-uXhnomPumixkK3CIqN8ulrUaq9jf56VE8_XDsDMlFGlTFzhYo884C5bIFNngjLdyxbUQLyt9G5q0S2XvlHjTm1DXgPy2e0JFw8eeX5ENr45OmkhDc/w640-h476/MSPOW_frank%20Retes%20(2).jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Mexican Spotted Owl, Frank Retes</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p>One of the best parts of hosting an IBA dedication is involving the local community and partners. It was so gratifying to have so many local “Portal-ites” attend the dedication ceremony and celebrate the Chiricahuas and its vital habitat for native bird species. This IBA has a long history of local support as well with the <a href="https://www.chiricahuaregionalcouncil.org/">Chiricahua Regional Council</a> providing funding and logistical support for the Spotted Owl surveys needed to qualify this area as a Global IBA. There has also been enormous support from local volunteers and the<a href="https://www.friendsofcavecreekcanyon.com/"> Friends of Cave Creek Canyon</a> for the annual Elegant Trogon survey that happens in May as an IBA project. Local Ornithologist Helen Snyder was instrumental in gathering the data on Mexican Spotted Owls and other raptor species that qualified this area as a general IBA and a Global IBA. Helen has kindly provided an account of her work on this project below. <br /><br /><b>To all IBA volunteers and partners: Thank you so much for all of the past support and continuing contributions to Arizona IBA projects!</b> <br /><br /><i>From Helen Snyder:</i><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiM_D6nNOkdlUAPOsM_lrwhMnVi7sFCUtXRVYjSi0-KHfAcaemzCW3BA-b9XpwC9VCC06IIzgugMrvGrYBiyq0YjzY4ij1Z45op1JURzAp1P6pvGYr3SFFNCSwLmOZ0MjyPqZQVGMsYbaQtAZtVTRTIjPuI2-vW-R2vPrdQdellAEydh38NVHUV1vpLirc/s1600/Chicahua%20Moutains%20IBA%20dedication_09-2023%20(8).jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1200" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiM_D6nNOkdlUAPOsM_lrwhMnVi7sFCUtXRVYjSi0-KHfAcaemzCW3BA-b9XpwC9VCC06IIzgugMrvGrYBiyq0YjzY4ij1Z45op1JURzAp1P6pvGYr3SFFNCSwLmOZ0MjyPqZQVGMsYbaQtAZtVTRTIjPuI2-vW-R2vPrdQdellAEydh38NVHUV1vpLirc/s320/Chicahua%20Moutains%20IBA%20dedication_09-2023%20(8).jpg" width="240" /></a></div>In the mid-2000s, I was on a mission, on foot night and day surveying nesting raptors in Cave Creek Canyon. My work and others’ hinted that we had a population of nesting raptors that was the densest in the world, and it needed urgent recognition by a US Forest Service special designation as the Cave Creek Canyon Birds of Prey Zoological Botanical Area. This expanded the existing 700 acre ZBA already in place for South Fork.<br /><br />Most of the birds of prey I was finding were owls, and I then found out that the Chiricahuas could qualify for IBA-Global designation if I documented ten active Mexican Spotted Owl territories two years in a row. The work of Russell Duncan in the 1990s came to mind and I thought this designation was easily within reach. With that goal I set off to check spotted owl territories from Russell’s work and from my own Apache Goshawk and Peregrine Falcon work over the years. It was a fun project—starting in April and May, I'd check previous territories by walking quietly through their cool conifer-sheltered canyon homesteads, listening and looking for bits of whitewash, adult owls’ molted feathers, and prey remains. One of the favorite food items of Mexican Spotted Owls are Whiskered Screech-Owls, and a surprising number of the little owls find their way onto the menu. No playback was needed, just watching, waiting, and listening in the dark.<br /><br />Repeated checks during the nesting season confirmed the ongoing activity; early July proved the best time to find fledged young. At dusk, the birds begin to give beg-and-response calls as adults move in from daytime roosts, bringing food to their young. I stayed long enough only to confirm the status as an active territory, carefully stealing away while it was still light enough to see without a flashlight. We now have a Global IBA in the Chiricahua Mountains.<br /><p></p><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi23YtEfJuWiSQ7TW8C_LDOKVXdJlJnGl8PA6xiulTjTNsUkoqD9LRGiez3DuU1L13lW3hEkY8lj4Ssmhj0XYwk_YpOFvUmAkUIb6tSgADIctjs19XN1TSMqfnboIR37rNlmZI6E7nvnmBgZVDY2iGWRfzXy74gKrb_FMGb4Pb7KfJ4GLYj94n1ScxSso0/s900/Chicahua%20Moutains%20IBA%20dedication_09-2023%20(2)%20edit.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="727" data-original-width="900" height="173" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi23YtEfJuWiSQ7TW8C_LDOKVXdJlJnGl8PA6xiulTjTNsUkoqD9LRGiez3DuU1L13lW3hEkY8lj4Ssmhj0XYwk_YpOFvUmAkUIb6tSgADIctjs19XN1TSMqfnboIR37rNlmZI6E7nvnmBgZVDY2iGWRfzXy74gKrb_FMGb4Pb7KfJ4GLYj94n1ScxSso0/w214-h173/Chicahua%20Moutains%20IBA%20dedication_09-2023%20(2)%20edit.jpg" width="214" /></a></div><p><i> </i></p><p><i>Helen Snyder and Jennie MacFarland at the dedication ceremony in South Fork. </i></p>Tucson Audubonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14909205833542750535noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6336484123485799841.post-84550701332171609272023-09-22T11:17:00.001-07:002023-09-22T11:20:36.719-07:00Park(ing) for Pollinators!<p><b>By Erica Freese and Stephanie Kopplin</b></p><p><b><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWOKi3DM6qJ-0zYv74c5KXf8ntZjdzhsBoLfQ8CATrn5AumfZIwgTDyvkvQB2QzK31eR_tPhK62rwiXA2P3tTHW5H-f4H9YBa_P_kDyXq-AhVTewz2fyDax-9de2HYB2M1FK43dmWtSbXSUtJm3GjUSU-dQqQD0sISsvAs3CxjnOc6Gv98AwMOFMLTfaA/s2250/IMG_4642-largeedit.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2094" data-original-width="2250" height="596" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWOKi3DM6qJ-0zYv74c5KXf8ntZjdzhsBoLfQ8CATrn5AumfZIwgTDyvkvQB2QzK31eR_tPhK62rwiXA2P3tTHW5H-f4H9YBa_P_kDyXq-AhVTewz2fyDax-9de2HYB2M1FK43dmWtSbXSUtJm3GjUSU-dQqQD0sISsvAs3CxjnOc6Gv98AwMOFMLTfaA/w640-h596/IMG_4642-largeedit.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Kari Hackney, Kim Matsushino, and Stephanie Kopplin at the pollinator parklet.</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /></b>Tucson Audubon participated in its first Park(ing) Day Friday, September 15. This year’s focus was on pollinators, which is right up our alley! Each participating organization was provided a parking spot on Stone Ave., across from Jácome Plaza in downtown Tucson, to create a welcoming exhibit to interact with and educate the public.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.myparkingday.org/">Park(ing) Day</a> is a global, public, participatory project where people across the world temporarily repurpose curbside parking spaces and convert them into public parks and social spaces to advocate for safer, greener, and more equitable streets for people. <br /><br />Tucson Audubon's urban conservation, education, and community engagement teams had a fantastic time creating a pop-up parklet and advocating for pollinators. We had lots of pollinator-friendly plants, nest and bee boxes, educational materials, and a coloring station.</p><p> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmwCrreA_5mPQfC2FhRhV7U1JuK-aGHNimmMmV3iY_KqpZj6UCg8EaveM-JKCFz-aWEmY-VJI29wE21HPGvvivWnN8bkPLC1szLwFV2NHVtp_70nec3RVDRbO88qzL-pGv7xIoEHHyfo3PtxI3euMB_Qisl2VN8GxcjxzJoWz3PWFBv3waHDXo0x9GZok/s2016/IMG_1857.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1512" data-original-width="2016" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmwCrreA_5mPQfC2FhRhV7U1JuK-aGHNimmMmV3iY_KqpZj6UCg8EaveM-JKCFz-aWEmY-VJI29wE21HPGvvivWnN8bkPLC1szLwFV2NHVtp_70nec3RVDRbO88qzL-pGv7xIoEHHyfo3PtxI3euMB_Qisl2VN8GxcjxzJoWz3PWFBv3waHDXo0x9GZok/w640-h480/IMG_1857.jpg" width="640" /></a></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgm6caGtX6TBl_wLLZwn-HYMZVKVetMd5wY36GygodyuloDmDkvoYpXAbV7p-HCL51pKwALJ-TqC8xJtIfjutdLTXL7rpwdL9f2T1xg1lIKeQ5XqG9lUKB9EwI9MTPmSbr3W-opvAbg03jIb1ge_bNU1gNQFWOd86eERGpYwoDcDTw1HXPoP0DStQ2PzqQ/s3024/IMG_4649edit.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2288" data-original-width="3024" height="484" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgm6caGtX6TBl_wLLZwn-HYMZVKVetMd5wY36GygodyuloDmDkvoYpXAbV7p-HCL51pKwALJ-TqC8xJtIfjutdLTXL7rpwdL9f2T1xg1lIKeQ5XqG9lUKB9EwI9MTPmSbr3W-opvAbg03jIb1ge_bNU1gNQFWOd86eERGpYwoDcDTw1HXPoP0DStQ2PzqQ/w640-h484/IMG_4649edit.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><p>Our tent was visited by curious toddlers, students, educators, long-time conservationists, members of local government, entrepreneurs, and even a queen butterfly. We promise, it was not a paid actor!</p><p></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEggsuLxq9nbbfww8jtn83-PaHRcovyPALvfJJmGFnkYH--kNYyCGaD47k0hw1QuZZ3pZOVqyOW6O7w2BdV-CMNJcVFFCVFJrmjPRpFMfVF2QgO4oEe6EBS8GK5f1zWH0e3aXEAOzgT-XKDIhRqrbsYwyXfpHxEHALROduIHhbE8Is0fCA6KpuHNep8zufE/s2598/D55AB765-CA17-42AC-827D-B973BC1D4CED_1_201_a%20(1).jpeg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1948" data-original-width="2598" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEggsuLxq9nbbfww8jtn83-PaHRcovyPALvfJJmGFnkYH--kNYyCGaD47k0hw1QuZZ3pZOVqyOW6O7w2BdV-CMNJcVFFCVFJrmjPRpFMfVF2QgO4oEe6EBS8GK5f1zWH0e3aXEAOzgT-XKDIhRqrbsYwyXfpHxEHALROduIHhbE8Is0fCA6KpuHNep8zufE/w640-h480/D55AB765-CA17-42AC-827D-B973BC1D4CED_1_201_a%20(1).jpeg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>A queen butterfly visits the parklet!</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p>We shared tips and tricks to attract and protect pollinators, danced with partner organizations, and marveled at the exciting ways teams reimagined public space and the built environment through their temporary installations. </p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJVvHeJ7-LuV94EWqcBgN-mNqFkIaZmHzBLXKLn53t-03S5RJ9gmCf5rGrS4bDj57Q7Ze210OKWlxyHafZ1p4R0LWEroNRXe85_te1wHHlcMijl5sZQQbnD6KpHzR-8g4x2F_xewDRo_AklOKfFhOhzkbbwtev--bqE-7W9biIHh1utH2cTSaR-NRWPAM/s2000/IMG_4652%20collage.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1135" data-original-width="2000" height="364" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJVvHeJ7-LuV94EWqcBgN-mNqFkIaZmHzBLXKLn53t-03S5RJ9gmCf5rGrS4bDj57Q7Ze210OKWlxyHafZ1p4R0LWEroNRXe85_te1wHHlcMijl5sZQQbnD6KpHzR-8g4x2F_xewDRo_AklOKfFhOhzkbbwtev--bqE-7W9biIHh1utH2cTSaR-NRWPAM/w640-h364/IMG_4652%20collage.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><p>Do you have an idea you'd like to explore to increase urban habitat? Reach out to us! We'd love to help: <a href="mailto:urbanhabitats@tucsonaudubon.org">urbanhabitats@tucsonaudubon.org</a>. We also encourage you to follow us on <a href="https://www.facebook.com/groups/1803173809693490">Facebook</a> or Instagram @tucsonaudubon to learn about upcoming events.</p><p> </p><p><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhU1sFUmpS4ElJdZ-PgiL8OjCMLiCPQ_yI9TjocThyFudpHBT8ft6f1XYZwRBghHFMneFsAS6n9zNFw76aekB71ZQ-y3S93nxfAH6PM-E_vy8UvZXG-PppJ3r9QHdS3cpbAXECpijnGpfNscBfDVMrtmxajAa4bLc6vy-mIUMo8umlUC4eVwFeBi-SFxTQ/s400/Stephanie-Kopplin.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="400" data-original-width="400" height="134" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhU1sFUmpS4ElJdZ-PgiL8OjCMLiCPQ_yI9TjocThyFudpHBT8ft6f1XYZwRBghHFMneFsAS6n9zNFw76aekB71ZQ-y3S93nxfAH6PM-E_vy8UvZXG-PppJ3r9QHdS3cpbAXECpijnGpfNscBfDVMrtmxajAa4bLc6vy-mIUMo8umlUC4eVwFeBi-SFxTQ/w134-h134/Stephanie-Kopplin.jpg" width="134" /></a><i><i><span> </span></i></i></p><p><i><i><span>Stephanie Kopplin is the </span><span>Director of Urban Conservation & Sustainability for Tucson Audubon.</span></i></i></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><i><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdRim2IAiyRKnimPIVzDqXExMv8KQsBeszcBC1_63LdHFM2LkiDXaLK4t2HrHdHBZ_XM2RV1zSZWh745Reit1Q8INVZcDrfQ_YktDxUBhK59HwDTP18b5GGCWccWQiLDVXkbJ6I6i7MUqcGwnPJaFUvKD6kovYdMqv25aVc-bF7MD8z5JxgCd2HPvmIRE/s400/Erica-Freese.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="400" data-original-width="400" height="134" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdRim2IAiyRKnimPIVzDqXExMv8KQsBeszcBC1_63LdHFM2LkiDXaLK4t2HrHdHBZ_XM2RV1zSZWh745Reit1Q8INVZcDrfQ_YktDxUBhK59HwDTP18b5GGCWccWQiLDVXkbJ6I6i7MUqcGwnPJaFUvKD6kovYdMqv25aVc-bF7MD8z5JxgCd2HPvmIRE/w134-h134/Erica-Freese.png" width="134" /></a></i></div><i><br /></i><i></i><br /><i>Erica Freese is the <span>Grant Development Specialist for Tucson Audubon. </span><span><br /></span></i><p></p>Tucson Audubonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14909205833542750535noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6336484123485799841.post-46528041100934399932023-09-06T13:53:00.003-07:002023-09-07T12:28:03.860-07:00Birding By Habitat: Discovering the Birds and Botany Connection<b>By Rich Hoyer<br /></b><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img height="416" src="https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/fI2TnIcOK4LctudxiTIBl5Jl8u8QJbZ1Z-GBOOd_Sr0dx8D81gD8EmCTnEkBMOTWnAW-xG9rFYrtAY676J5fuBtFUgF9-mG330Nu6KGF-iKlOJUoWbtVyeAQ2GJzfriGgvjkW-weVspqfzSmyKzVR-I=w640-h416" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="640" /></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Through the transformational learning experience of the
point count survey, Rich Hoyer developed a sense of how the Grace’s
Warbler chooses its habitat. Photo by Hemant Kishan.</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br />For the first ten years of my birding life, I enjoyed keying out plants as I went birding in exciting new places throughout the American West, but never connected birds and plants until I moved to Southeast Arizona. Here, on my first post-university job with the United States Forest Service, I was required to do point counts as well as know all of the trees and shrubs. Within a week or two of starting the surveys, I had gone through a transformational learning experience and began to look at birds and their habitats in a new light.<br /><br />We conducted our surveys at about 340 permanently marked points randomly located along straight-line transects at various elevations in five of the largest sky-islands (Santa Catalinas, Santa Ritas, Huachucas, Pinaleños, and Chiricahuas). We were required to visit each point three times during the breeding season, and after early July we began the complex and often tedious job of habitat measurements. But it sure beat sitting in an office or classroom!<br /><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img height="382" src="https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/qIjjtlbGBlESdEeWZ64aZ6ml9Rp1_mdi35pxgaDHQS4XfH2OaJYdSgMgV4VkjQs1GvL67LWY08QYlcYKhDFo87Fl0BwSuZVjQsqfkE-9GAzFHwvpLBXWoYbwi5AZJMRSoFzA5idR_r7c-AYDpSrFLWQ=w640-h382" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="640" /></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Black-throated Gray Warbler, Shawn Cooper</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br />As I arrived at each survey point, I would be tense with anticipation, wondering which species I might get during the seven-minute count. I may have hiked only three hundred meters from the previous point, but it was like a game: soon I found myself getting better at predicting the precise mix of species. At some points only five species would be singing, but at others, where there was clearly higher plant diversity, there would be more than 20 species. I was scribbling on the data entry sheet frantically, making sure I recorded every individual.<br /><br />The mix of species and the numbers of each was always different. I detected Black-throated Gray Warbler almost everywhere, but I noticed that they were missing from those points too high or too low where no oaks were present (it didn't seem to matter which kind of oak, and there were about eight species). Sometimes the transect would cross over a ridge from a south-facing slope to the north side, which was cooler and more moist. An open woodland dominated by small, scattered Arizona White Oak would suddenly become a shady forest with taller trees and the addition of Silverleaf Oak and Douglas Fir. Here I would have my first Painted Restart of the morning. On to the next point, where a singing Grace's Warbler would be new, within sight of the first tall Chihuahuan Pine on the transect. <br /><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img height="427" src="https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/rzuC-hEjTlN6tFZ3fhh7dqXljLIHm42Em-TgFgMnxzJNrRiN4PobKAfje2PItB5fzLTy4KHVL0sz6rl4jgZOozUM-yE-kwjZJXh50NfmpZvFNNXi-SvJLgjmyAXBt9RtGvyxdOkM-UlIyhXYLzNahOk=w640-h427" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="640" /></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Painted Redstart, Shawn Cooper</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br />I learned over time that while some birds honed in on specific trees, it was often the general shape of the habitat that defined what a particular bird species found most attractive. The slope of the ground, the amount of leaf litter and grass cover, the density and size of trees and bushes, and the varying density of cover at different heights above the ground all contribute to give a habitat its shape. A bird feels most comfortable in the habitat where it can most successfully forage, nest, roost, and keep from being preyed upon.<br /><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img height="427" src="https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/m--sDX0sTSuN_lmk3FCGDbAHF0qk0fTsIkcifQjXsvYpwh-6QFd3uu1iBzNrkKMe8RzBbPG3hT846OOiY2GcvXoml511S0qhCeiTERlV140ddUG0qYO67LdwVgA8IxXIf2V9XtmbGnRWd6egIbhe_2M=w640-h427" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="640" /></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Bushtit, Mick Thompson</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br />I am still learning which birds prefer which habitats, especially when I visit a new site. Seeing a large flock of Bushtits foraging in waist-high desert shrubbery in the eastern outskirts of Albuquerque was a new experience for me. I did then notice that scattered on the slopes nearby were oaks—apparently Gray Oak is the common one there. Bushtits don't need oaks (they occur in many areas where there are none), but my experience from twenty years ago in Southeast Arizona points to a connection, at least here in the Southwest. There is still a lot to learn!<br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZmclgRN2UBywWxFERAgV6EWu6NpsQ2YiR8UsfynMPDIgHi2bGdpGl63dmyM1VPq8Qt0QafvDAEkNbxyza5JrLEcjpJvB9hzk8aILnviIwek2q6-WSdnKb5yBrWhHfaX9fg_SkDvqjnUwbeTjt0ARgvJtCUdujvTWEad-aBHhr71MpOsrChmNCuj2Qb30/s448/Rich%20Hoyer.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="336" data-original-width="448" height="122" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZmclgRN2UBywWxFERAgV6EWu6NpsQ2YiR8UsfynMPDIgHi2bGdpGl63dmyM1VPq8Qt0QafvDAEkNbxyza5JrLEcjpJvB9hzk8aILnviIwek2q6-WSdnKb5yBrWhHfaX9fg_SkDvqjnUwbeTjt0ARgvJtCUdujvTWEad-aBHhr71MpOsrChmNCuj2Qb30/w163-h122/Rich%20Hoyer.jpg" width="163" /></a></div><br />Rich Hoyer is a full-time trip leader for WINGS Birding Tours.<br />Tucson Audubonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14909205833542750535noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6336484123485799841.post-66810975550062183592023-08-24T10:46:00.000-07:002023-08-24T10:46:45.753-07:00Songbird Banding at Las Cienegas for the MAPS program<p><b>By Aya Pickett</b></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img height="480" src="https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/Vnb3PiF6ka6Js6LA6JXE_elVR8mYzB5Ks5BKjW4DwY-exLZRWcJsLE2Xngxi9iqqy8t0hk1ipumxJHBUgwK8faZ9QAaSXOahAs1VxnSB1qFiqkhgFDeyya5dfUnYHzaOrhGCG1aeD38y5t_DZMLOqss=w640-h480" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="640" /></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Vermilion Flycatcher, all photos by Aya Pickett unless noted otherwise</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><p></p><p>This year, I had the absolute joy and privilege to take part in restarting a bird banding station at Las Cienegas National Conservation Area. The station had been collecting important data at a riparian site for almost 20 years before it shut down due to staffing in 2019. The <a href="https://www.birdpop.org/pages/maps.php">MAPS program</a> (Monitoring Avian Productivity and Survivorship) studies songbird survival as part of a rigorous continental research program.<br /><br />Following in the footsteps of previous years, we banded birds from mid May to early August, specifically targeting the breeding season. In total, we ended up banding over 300 individuals of almost 50 species. Species highlights included western Yellow-billed Cuckoo, Lazuli Bunting, and a young Cooper’s Hawk! We also caught a few birds that were banded in previous years. One particularly notable recapture was a female Summer Tanager who was originally banded as a second year bird in 2015, making it 9 years old! Looking through old banding records, we found that she spent her first breeding season at the site and has continued to come back for the last 8 years; that’s data that can only be achieved with such intensive and long-term effort. By continuing to collect banding data at this location, we can add to this long term database and discover broader trends in bird breeding behavior. <br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4DU2RnfGLn-mdiVsEm2_-n-LCyLM9FYY_ILH0u2PfHjmKf1tBVioPL-mIN9RisWvjbDq0PajrllmMciY0hqeN9ResdTdKywd4OD0eXf7k8Oj0aMKwmKQxcP9bQiPjr0-bpBJ0UUtCrUW7A0EYCPzPkDoCaUcgxwgt_FdnBs9Ym9g8Dup58cItGlk6mss/s1274/COHA%20LAZB%20collage.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="616" data-original-width="1274" height="310" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4DU2RnfGLn-mdiVsEm2_-n-LCyLM9FYY_ILH0u2PfHjmKf1tBVioPL-mIN9RisWvjbDq0PajrllmMciY0hqeN9ResdTdKywd4OD0eXf7k8Oj0aMKwmKQxcP9bQiPjr0-bpBJ0UUtCrUW7A0EYCPzPkDoCaUcgxwgt_FdnBs9Ym9g8Dup58cItGlk6mss/w640-h310/COHA%20LAZB%20collage.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Young Cooper’s Hawk that was caught on the last day of banding, Adam Hannuksela; Lazuli Bunting, Aya Pickett</i></td></tr></tbody></table><p>When a bird is first captured, we give them a small, aluminum leg band that has a unique 9 digit number and is required by the Fish and Wildlife Service. If the bird is recaptured, it can give insight into its age and movement. This is especially interesting with breeding birds, which can come back to the same site year after year.<br /><br />In addition to banding the bird, we also collect highly detailed information that couldn’t be collected any other way. Data we collect includes:<br /></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Age: by looking at molt patterns</li><li>Sex: using plumage coloration and breeding characteristics such as brood patch and cloacal protuberance </li><li>Amount of fat: an indicator of a bird that is actively migrating</li><li>Wing length: used by researchers who look at effects of climate change on birds</li></ul><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img height="480" src="https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/PKbkHeEPRtjnKqfishjXM1BHJnEjtIXTvDmP6kDYeMpNNP_7LAOkR4AvqhqjRC3MYZ3CKh1L0TlN3JbLl3tiFWYXAaDqj5RRHq2GPaILWn88mPG_VyxaOwuaFKxGocu9If_II8BZpr8u8qciXCUsEzc=w640-h480" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="640" /></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Banding equipment used to put bands on birds and take measurements</i></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i> </i></td></tr></tbody></table>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img height="480" src="https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/wEK-M3XEqmjx_3ZfMMFGzNgdXBq4GOGWriSgvzuAqZ0oOxJO70eYskMmel7rArpdCDew0gh9MJTjZOkvSoFMGGLCQz5RaiO-OCWd4mUoq-lhduECV-n_sETxHSxaVmQThMVDH3-Wh9Jwy515cuqyuNA=w640-h480" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="640" /></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Aya Pickett holding a Vermilion Flycatcher, the official mascot of Tucson Audubon </i></td></tr></tbody></table>
<p></p>
<p>It’s important to note that while we love to work with these amazing birds and collect data on them, bird safety always comes first. When we are handling any live bird, we watch for signs of stress, work as quickly as possible to minimize handling time, and only allow experienced individuals to do any handling. Since birds in the arid southwest are relatively understudied, it is especially important to be collecting data on their long term patterns. In addition, we would like to educate others on our research and why it is important.</p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img height="862" src="https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/J_SsZBCuqAHtM_htcGWiUX7wn5WElrjN-L9yEH_T1qNepNTzEHDfvJRybZX9aO57hj81Tp2eYJdTkFynHs_mDpYzsG-fvMjJFzeMAsjnb9cux1G2FlChXi-cG5vQgnEcS_UrYJB7wf-fWKzRgM_velw=w647-h862" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="647" /></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Adam Hannuksela and Emily Clark (Sonoran Joint Venture) looking aging a White-breasted Nuthatch by looking at molt patterns</i></td></tr></tbody></table><p></p>Next year, we hope to invite members of the public to our banding days. In a world where science is often misunderstood, banding provides a unique opportunity to show the public scientific processes in action while relaying important information about bird populations. Seeing birds up close can also be a spark for those who haven’t had a connection to nature before. <br /><br />Even though I’ve worked with thousands of birds, I’m still in awe every time I have the opportunity to band. It is such a privilege to work with these populations and I hope to be able to share the joy with more people in the future. <br /><br /><i>All banding, marking, and sampling is being conducted under a federally authorized Bird Banding Permit issued by the U.S. Geological Survey’s Bird Banding Laboratory.</i> <br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1xHEfzRaAX_lZUjCotOQuLh3YqEA6r_o56sZWT5HZVFWUxqekRHWqpMUIkVVcOiQ_NqR5RzwzzQ2po8tLrGh4k-zd3kFXawCkuENqvhkGPbgye2oL-u-rxk7x5q7jTrk6tSykOEnBJ0Ux_CzSNjxomJ1jXJTErL5astqZULz1TLG8pPINdUcVmHHHhPg/s400/Aya%20Pickett.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="400" data-original-width="400" height="170" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1xHEfzRaAX_lZUjCotOQuLh3YqEA6r_o56sZWT5HZVFWUxqekRHWqpMUIkVVcOiQ_NqR5RzwzzQ2po8tLrGh4k-zd3kFXawCkuENqvhkGPbgye2oL-u-rxk7x5q7jTrk6tSykOEnBJ0Ux_CzSNjxomJ1jXJTErL5astqZULz1TLG8pPINdUcVmHHHhPg/w170-h170/Aya%20Pickett.jpg" width="170" /></a></div><br />Aya Pickett is actively pursuing her Master Bander's certification which will increase Tucson Audubon's ability to perform critical bird research.Tucson Audubonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14909205833542750535noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6336484123485799841.post-76667825818682799972023-08-08T12:08:00.000-07:002023-08-10T11:37:14.849-07:00Feeding Time at a Broad-billed Hummingbird Nest<b>By Dan Weisz</b><br /><br /> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUzof2-T5pQU9Od39SSIb_QhnxLb1Z2zENXhqyVzaW9xBMSPLnq1KpxHywmEIW1pNK3KelObQjdPEQB1VoyVCBczOlbuYnVbAzBgFcoSQB9lK2I1prwI2x-XckWkFFI1e1BZOF-YQ6zpwY0AePP20I995VLhKZvq3UUnSyH8SpHiA_wJH7tOKcX41pyGg/s800/5.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="640" data-original-width="800" height="512" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUzof2-T5pQU9Od39SSIb_QhnxLb1Z2zENXhqyVzaW9xBMSPLnq1KpxHywmEIW1pNK3KelObQjdPEQB1VoyVCBczOlbuYnVbAzBgFcoSQB9lK2I1prwI2x-XckWkFFI1e1BZOF-YQ6zpwY0AePP20I995VLhKZvq3UUnSyH8SpHiA_wJH7tOKcX41pyGg/w640-h512/5.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Broad-billed Hummingbird adult and nestling, all photos by Dan Weisz</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br />A friend introduced me to her friends who had a hummingbird nest on their porch. They graciously invited me over to get a look at their little family. You can see that the mother hummingbird has orange at the base of her bill and a white stripe behind her eye. That tells us this is a female Broad-billed Hummingbird. The male Broad-bills have nothing to do with nest building, and don’t care for the eggs or the hatchlings. It’s all Mom’s job. Two little bills stretch up waiting for Mom to begin. <br /> <br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEielsP6UzHs9Kwg-NYJwlHzkUL_HXJGLnaIBwvOrrt81X1skhgy3E-vsgTcct3Q3nVxHt1VHaZzC5DZsW-oPkNp0AdOqbCJSXrM5NCrUtn0z4N2mrqnb82Zqy1wp5aHu0ZSiHWMDqcd6LtIL2BiwjbfGE_17ilry-3vt4_DXvR6YVjksxpEHC5MA9spyWM/s800/1.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="800" data-original-width="640" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEielsP6UzHs9Kwg-NYJwlHzkUL_HXJGLnaIBwvOrrt81X1skhgy3E-vsgTcct3Q3nVxHt1VHaZzC5DZsW-oPkNp0AdOqbCJSXrM5NCrUtn0z4N2mrqnb82Zqy1wp5aHu0ZSiHWMDqcd6LtIL2BiwjbfGE_17ilry-3vt4_DXvR6YVjksxpEHC5MA9spyWM/w512-h640/1.jpg" width="512" /></a></div><br />The hummingbird began her job. She will vary her feedings so that each hatchling gets food. At this stage, the little birds need protein to grow quickly and to develop strong bones and beaks. Mom is feeding them a slurry she regurgitates that is made from many insects she has eaten. At about 2.5 weeks after hatching, Mom will add nectar to the slurry diet she offers. <br /> <br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhYBpC10_GKVE90P_e9L8_CaDFwXwdQqMfM_oIhnTX7k2Z8yVxjX0jIlEJUbl_qj7kpInxGj7xUSebaZiWoDISF8ZZNVli44CGaz7_AwwceUbKuI6LrJN-sIHPUvDG68l5_OzbJuvHol3IYYJpF-RmJMOYjvxfH4xIrfxwi8yFES4kN0Nwynj5dFq8RnA/s800/2.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="800" data-original-width="640" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhYBpC10_GKVE90P_e9L8_CaDFwXwdQqMfM_oIhnTX7k2Z8yVxjX0jIlEJUbl_qj7kpInxGj7xUSebaZiWoDISF8ZZNVli44CGaz7_AwwceUbKuI6LrJN-sIHPUvDG68l5_OzbJuvHol3IYYJpF-RmJMOYjvxfH4xIrfxwi8yFES4kN0Nwynj5dFq8RnA/w512-h640/2.jpg" width="512" /></a></div><br />Five days later I returned. This little hummingbird looks so much bigger now and has real feathers on its body. Its bill is still very short. I placed the camera in a different spot, still at a distance, and then seated myself even further from the camera and the nest. From this angle, you can only see one of the little ones. The hatchlings and I both waited for Mom to return…. <br /><br /> …and waited. I’m pretty certain that when this little bird looked at me, it was thinking “what’s taking her so long?" <br /><br /> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxZbkIlH2zyFUFCLKSmZGEWmBOOO_Xi_NL8r7-vrd8DuyRyjEVppk-pL40TnhZByXtOXBsJ5UL6FES9THRDZGoR2M5ARSEjHxPZE4Yy1PUOHbogGq5LPOwZJ5HUyov_YZTlrIyfeNN8FdmW89nzg0ufwF9sSK4we3OkvSksRFPWJtiJQnl9EbWp8ekrKM/s800/4.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="640" data-original-width="800" height="512" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxZbkIlH2zyFUFCLKSmZGEWmBOOO_Xi_NL8r7-vrd8DuyRyjEVppk-pL40TnhZByXtOXBsJ5UL6FES9THRDZGoR2M5ARSEjHxPZE4Yy1PUOHbogGq5LPOwZJ5HUyov_YZTlrIyfeNN8FdmW89nzg0ufwF9sSK4we3OkvSksRFPWJtiJQnl9EbWp8ekrKM/w640-h512/4.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br />As if on cue, Mom returned. The nestling has an open beak, hungry for food. <br /><br /> Mom positions herself for landing. When the birds were younger, she could perch on the edge of the nest. At this time, she is choosing a perch outside of the nest. Those two little birds take up the entire nest plus some! FYI, because the nest is in deep shade, the colors of the hummingbirds are somewhat muted with the available lighting. <br /> <br /><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRXc-P1roODvjJkmX7BzRegUj_RwmCn0DK5OpW9e2Sa0wCXtes0ei5AyTAUCRecIeaK9C9VlJOsSc49FC1IybZ2BN8oT-PvUDdIVLh64dhhwpfqXzgoxAZzjfSM6KcA2mdo47wXoKny4BLZ0xKoVmCJVj3s8Ost0n6wQpx0vDRfawS1V8jijtF6wKqFHc/s800/6.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="640" data-original-width="800" height="512" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRXc-P1roODvjJkmX7BzRegUj_RwmCn0DK5OpW9e2Sa0wCXtes0ei5AyTAUCRecIeaK9C9VlJOsSc49FC1IybZ2BN8oT-PvUDdIVLh64dhhwpfqXzgoxAZzjfSM6KcA2mdo47wXoKny4BLZ0xKoVmCJVj3s8Ost0n6wQpx0vDRfawS1V8jijtF6wKqFHc/w640-h512/6.jpg" width="640" /></a> <br /><br />Ready for the delivery, Mom lands and immediately looks down the wide-open throat of one nestling. Breakfast is served! <br /><br /> Hummingbirds feed their young with an approach that appears similar to sword swallowing. When the chicks are young, Mom is more gentle but as they grow, her food delivery comes in stronger thrusts. This closeup gives you a sense of the food in her bill being deposited in her chick’s throat. <br /><br /> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUaMnTUdgHNNX38yB3oS2t_zIpKVAr018oujBuKNKemPjLEapFjH8GJDzxhAlCfDpF2zeV4HQj39wJo3Ce9GTLftCA6Cn9_91EpTmjUvDzJP1S7elTgJghKnPczitCxueCklNzbrZMNNIWDfOtp7HLSjbTjEqOF0uzOrXk0Ilk2rfagYNiPzheIlOJko4/s800/7.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="800" data-original-width="640" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUaMnTUdgHNNX38yB3oS2t_zIpKVAr018oujBuKNKemPjLEapFjH8GJDzxhAlCfDpF2zeV4HQj39wJo3Ce9GTLftCA6Cn9_91EpTmjUvDzJP1S7elTgJghKnPczitCxueCklNzbrZMNNIWDfOtp7HLSjbTjEqOF0uzOrXk0Ilk2rfagYNiPzheIlOJko4/w512-h640/7.jpg" width="512" /></a></div><p><br />In between feedings, the Mom might stick her tongue out. Perhaps she is just cleaning it or getting it in the right shape for more feeding. <br /><br /> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPtpDUz1ppHzQ8r2jQR_CdW-xL-gAdSPb21qHex8sD-1aQL1nN7C67AQHlUX-JcoveDifIsMsGVnYJBibE6lUCSZwwjMWF_04Ph7-RHa7NVSwVZxKDyvWEmYwlLc0LJkCbTSr9-51Yfh1b4rjBjZz6YeA62-WtkS1xOFh1TCARfX0H5y6siBXtrWgeZwo/s800/8.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="800" data-original-width="800" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPtpDUz1ppHzQ8r2jQR_CdW-xL-gAdSPb21qHex8sD-1aQL1nN7C67AQHlUX-JcoveDifIsMsGVnYJBibE6lUCSZwwjMWF_04Ph7-RHa7NVSwVZxKDyvWEmYwlLc0LJkCbTSr9-51Yfh1b4rjBjZz6YeA62-WtkS1xOFh1TCARfX0H5y6siBXtrWgeZwo/w640-h640/8.jpg" width="640" /></a> <br />The next day I learned that the big chick left the nest. Although it “felt” a few days too young, apparently it gave it a try. I heard that it spent several days in a nearby olive tree being dutifully fed by its mother. Mom also continued to feed the second chick for another 4-5 days until that one was ready to fledge (leave the nest). <br /><br /><i></i></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><i><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirQLzItB8nTtW7MZRdReltO8IBThL5QVVdyPffNlPkvzse70YFXq39NfN1302D7Kf5pwEsrsJmHYP3_baFUjy_UHilIWABGxMutAzn7xbNeYs5DrHsBQXUafnJGH33APLOItZjahtWknxKcL4mT6ESTiWVy0oGLfHU66EDbtcDhSBZGIswPQtrUdXjz1Q/s1080/Dan%20Weisz.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1080" data-original-width="1080" height="156" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirQLzItB8nTtW7MZRdReltO8IBThL5QVVdyPffNlPkvzse70YFXq39NfN1302D7Kf5pwEsrsJmHYP3_baFUjy_UHilIWABGxMutAzn7xbNeYs5DrHsBQXUafnJGH33APLOItZjahtWknxKcL4mT6ESTiWVy0oGLfHU66EDbtcDhSBZGIswPQtrUdXjz1Q/w156-h156/Dan%20Weisz.jpg" width="156" /></a></i></div><i><br />Dan Weisz is</i> <i>a native Tucsonan and retired educator who enjoys
birding, being in nature, and taking photographs.</i><br /> <br /><br /><p></p>Tucson Audubonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14909205833542750535noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6336484123485799841.post-50046793707642330582023-07-28T16:20:00.005-07:002023-08-01T10:59:10.710-07:00Urgent Action Needed for the Santa Cruz River!<p><b style="color: red;">UPDATE, August 1, 2023: </b><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Closing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Message Header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Salutation"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Date"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Block Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Document Map"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Bottom of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Definition"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Sample"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Variable"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation subject"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Contemporary"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Professional"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Theme"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="List Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="List Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="List Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 3"/>
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</p><a href="https://www.nogalesinternational.com/news/jackson-withdraws-rio-rico-development-proposal/article_2914dbee-3000-11ee-b63f-0b90b5dab3f5.html" target="_blank">Andy Jackson has withdrawn his two rezoning proposals due to the public opposition! </a><br /><br /><br /><p><b> </b></p><p><b>By David Robinson</b><br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZP1GjwV_DHy9BpAsphbA2LoSiypOlURMPDFh2NJe5kMMlZZ2hT-V-QISz72gQDwECO1UQzrPbzoWNraTzQXcXpCJSKMcjbU3n4006WiEPuNzrlsW17cHTeUj30fFtRpOdew9XoymdouNjkBeuDyjxTd2vjHtijT5qXAF0fnbC9N0oycJMg8vhvyRKNCA/s799/GRKI2_Alan%20Schmierer.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="310" data-original-width="799" height="248" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZP1GjwV_DHy9BpAsphbA2LoSiypOlURMPDFh2NJe5kMMlZZ2hT-V-QISz72gQDwECO1UQzrPbzoWNraTzQXcXpCJSKMcjbU3n4006WiEPuNzrlsW17cHTeUj30fFtRpOdew9XoymdouNjkBeuDyjxTd2vjHtijT5qXAF0fnbC9N0oycJMg8vhvyRKNCA/w640-h248/GRKI2_Alan%20Schmierer.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Green Kingfishers have made a great comeback in the Rio Rico area. Photo by Alan Schmierer</i></td></tr></tbody></table><p>The Santa Cruz County Board of Supervisors is considering rezoning 3,550 acres of agricultural land along the Santa Cruz River in Rio Rico for commercial and industrial uses, including mining-related activities such as manganese smelting. The rezoning would severely impact a globally important reservoir of biodiversity that Tucson Audubon and many others have worked for many years to protect and restore.<br /><br />After several months of private dealings with the landowner, the County started an extremely rushed approval process with minimal notice to the public. Fortunately, community members leapt into action to find out more and to demand an inclusive, transparent, reasonably paced review process. In response to this public opposition, the Board of Supervisors postponed their vote on the proposal from August 1st to August 15th. But they’ve scheduled public comment for the end of the meeting, rather than the beginning, which means public comment will come after the supervisors have voted.<br /><br />That’s why Tucson Audubon is calling on you, our members and supporters, to make your voices heard at the Board of Supervisors meeting this coming Tuesday, August 1st. We urge everyone who values the rich, vital ecosystems along the Santa Cruz River, and the health and well-being of Rio Rico’s residents, to speak out right away! <b>Comments are due by 5pm Monday, July 31st! </b><br /><br /><b><span style="font-size: medium;">Here’s how:</span></b><br /><b>Before 5pm Monday 7/31</b>, email the Clerk of the Board of Supervisors at <a href="mailto:clerkoftheboard@santacruzcountyaz.gov">clerkoftheboard@santacruzcountyaz.gov</a> and request to speak at the next Board of Supervisors meeting. Make sure to provide the following information:<br /></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Meeting Date: August 1, 2023</li><li>Agenda Item: Item C</li><li>Item Title: Call to the Public</li><li>[Your] Name : __________________</li><li>[Your] Telephone Number: _______________</li></ul><p><b>Then, by about 9:15am Tuesday, August 1st</b>, either show up in person at the Board of Supervisors meeting or join via Zoom. The meeting starts at 9:30am. <a href="https://www.santacruzcountyaz.gov/AgendaCenter/ViewFile/Item/1729?fileID=30894">Instructions for joining, and the agenda, can be found here.</a><br /><br />If you can’t attend the meeting, please submit comments in writing to the Clerk of the Board of Supervisors <a href="mailto:clerkoftheboard@santacruzcountyaz.gov">clerkoftheboard@santacruzcountyaz.gov</a> <b>before 5pm Monday 7/31</b>. </p><p><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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</p><b>And/or contact the Supervisors directly by phone or email this week: </b><br /><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Supervisor Manuel Ruiz, 520-375-7632, <a href="mailto:mruiz@santacruzcountyaz.gov">mruiz@santacruzcountyaz.gov</a> </li><li>Supervisor Rudy Molera,520-375-7634, <a href="mailto:rmolera@santacruzcountyaz.gov">rmolera@santacruzcountyaz.gov</a> </li><li>Supervisor Bruce Bracker, 520-375-7633, <a href="mailto:bbracker@santacruzcountyaz.gov">bbracker@santacruzcountyaz.gov</a></li></ul><p>Please make your comments personal! Let the Board of Supervisors know:<br /></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>If you live or work in Santa Cruz County</li><li>If you live or work in Rio Rico</li><li>If you have contributed to the protection or restoration of the Santa Cruz river and its natural ecosystems</li><li>If you go birding along the Santa Cruz River in or near Rio Rico </li><li>If you go birding along the Santa Cruz River downstream of Rio Rico (after all, what happens to the river in Rio Rico won’t stay in Rio Rico)</li><li>If you spend money in Santa Cruz County when you participate in nature-based activities</li></ul><p>For further points to consider addressing, see the comments made at the July 18th Board of Supervisors meeting by David Robinson, Tucson Audubon’s Director of Conservation Advocacy.<br /><br /><b>And to stay abreast of this issue – especially to receive alerts about future opportunities to take action – <a href="https://tas.app.neoncrm.com/np/clients/tas/survey.jsp?surveyId=13&">please sign up here</a> for Tucson Audubon’s Action Alerts (make sure to check the box next to “ACTION ALERTS”).</b></p><p style="text-align: center;">----------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br /></p><p><br /><b>Testimony during the “Call to the Public” at the Santa Cruz County Board of Supervisors meeting on July 18th, 2023:</b><br /><br />My name is David Robinson, and I am the Director of Conservation Advocacy for Tucson Audubon Society. Thank you for the opportunity to speak today.<br /><br />On behalf of Tucson Audubon, I am speaking in opposition to the proposal to rezone and reclassify approximately 3,550 acres of land along the Santa Cruz River to allow a range of commercial and, most dangerously, industrial uses, including mining-related uses.<br /><br />Tucson Audubon Society, founded in 1949, is a member-supported, non-profit organization, dedicated to inspiring people to enjoy and protect birds and their habitats through recreation, education, wildlife conservation, advocacy, and protection and restoration of the environment on which we all depend. Tucson Audubon has approximately 3,200 members, many of whom live in southeast Arizona, including Santa Cruz County, in areas that would be directly and indirectly impacted by the proposed rezoning.<br /><br />The proposed rezoning would severely impact a globally important reservoir of biodiversity that Tucson Audubon and many others have worked, and continue to work, to protect through a wide range of efforts, including the establishment of the Upper Santa Cruz River Important Bird Area.<br /><br />The proposed rezoning in no way comports with Santa Cruz County's hard-won restoration plans for the river, plans to which Tucson Audubon and many other organizations, community members, and government entities have contributed many hours, a great deal of expertise, and many other resources. <br /><br />For thousands of years the Santa Cruz River was a year-round, perennially flowing river that supported both wildlife and humans along its entire length. But last century it was drained dry by humans' reckless over-use of the river and the underlying aquifer. Since then, we and countless others have been working to restore the river. The proposed rezoning threatens to undo decades of our work. And it flies in the face of the legal requirement to ensure that any proposed development is guaranteed to have enough water for the next 100 years. <br /><br />The proponents of the rezoning are creating a false opposition between economic needs and environmental needs. Tucson Audubon would like to remind you that nature-based activities, including bird and wildlife watching, bring a great deal of money to this area, as well as a great deal of recreation, learning, and joy to the many people who spend time exploring and appreciating the habitats and ecosystems along the Santa Cruz River.<br /><br />Tucson Audubon Society believes in finding solutions that support both wildlife communities and human communities, especially those in greatest economic need. Rushing through this rezoning proposal virtually guarantees that such solutions will not be found.<br /><br />Likewise, Tucson Audubon believes in addressing the climate crisis with the urgency it demands. We understand that mining will play a crucial role in helping our society transition to renewable, sustainable energy. And we understand that difficult choices will need to be made. But running roughshod over environmental and conservation issues, human health issues, and the right of local communities for a meaningful, genuine role in shaping and evaluating such solutions, is just the same old boondoggle — enriching the already rich, allowing serial polluters such as South32 to once again poison our environment and local human communities, and destroying already imperiled natural ecosystems and driving more and more species to extinction. <br /><br />We urge you to slow down this process, make it completely transparent, and embark on a genuine process to design, approve, and implement solutions that enable both wildlife and people to thrive.</p><p></p><b>For recent coverage of this issue, see the following articles:</b><br /><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Henry Brean, <a href="https://tucson.com/news/local/subscriber/rio-rico-development-draws-opposition/article_d0cce732-1b5b-11ee-aff2-37a00fa6e30a.html#tracking-source=home-the-latest">Residents worry huge development plans could turn Rio Rico into mining town</a></li><li>Henry Brean, <a href="https://tucson.com/news/local/environment/mine-rio-rico-tucson-south32-arizona/article_e421fb70-25c8-11ee-b328-cbc6740da294.html">Possible mine-support facilities along I-19 worry Rio Rico residents</a></li></ul><p><br /><i>David Robinson is the Director of Conservation Advocacy for Tucson Audubon.</i><br /></p><p></p>Tucson Audubonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14909205833542750535noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6336484123485799841.post-28287112217893804082023-07-27T08:54:00.006-07:002023-07-27T14:18:24.862-07:00Can birds tell us about rising global temperatures?<p><b>By Isaac Rush </b><br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img height="401" src="https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/hsThjj3w67uBgV0whKIXsnDxX2Imx7Xluh4quXaA0S5q0HZTYNm4f7YRbf-gfs0QGvXqCDGltHlnS-VJtCsRoUGxOaP0PmdQvVF6R-tjvWTCBXDhennrrkd5iuQ48U7nc9iSw-3kF-FRlPiPwIJan6o=w640-h401" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="640" /></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Male House Sparrow, David Quanrud</i></td></tr></tbody></table><p>In January of 2023, my team and I, a group of student researchers from the University of Kansas, made our way across the American southwest, capturing and sampling birds in places like Salt Lake City, Death Valley, Los Angeles, and Tucson. We would arrive at our sites just before sunrise, set up our nets, and start capturing and processing birds throughout the day. Specifically, we were sampling House Sparrows, those common drab birds you often see in the parking lot of your local grocery store or around your feeders. You might not consider this bird to be very special, but this backyard species can tell us a lot about how birds are adjusting to rapidly rising global temperatures.<br /><br />There are two well-known patterns in the animal kingdom described over 150 years ago. In 1833, a German biologist, Carl Bergmann, observed that animals farther north tended to be larger in size than their cousins in the south. He proposed this was because northern animals are better able to retain their heat with their large, stout bodies in colder environments, and that southern animals are better able to dissipate heat with their small, lanky bodies in warmer environments. In 1847, another German biologist, Constantin Gloger, observed that birds in warmer and wetter environments, like the tropics, were often darker in color than birds in colder and drier areas. There are several proposed reasons why this pattern could be observed, like for camouflage in dense foliage or for protection from harmful ultraviolet light, however the reasons are still not entirely clear.<br /><br />These patterns from the mid-1800s, hence called Bergmann’s rule and Gloger’s rule, have been observed across the world even today. Recently, scientists have thought that these patterns will change in response to rising global temperatures. Biologists predict that birds will get darker in color and smaller in size due to climate change. If they change, and by how much is not currently known, so we intend to address this gap in knowledge.<br /><br />House Sparrows are an ideal species to study these patterns. They are just about everywhere across the US, Mexico, and Canada. They don’t migrate like other birds; they stick close to where they were born for their entire life. House Sparrows are also not native to the US. They traveled with humans from western Europe around 160 years ago and quickly spread across the continent. Additionally, back in the ‘60s, two biologists, Richard Johnston and Robert Selander, trapped over 4,000 House Sparrows and collected their bodies for a museum specimen collection. They preserved the skeletons and feathers of all these birds, and now today I can go back into that collection, measure the birds’ limbs, and photograph the birds’ feathers.</p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img height="480" src="https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/l8tWbhgQK4SBLIJFENHT5h55NzLk2XtMHOuJB2C4fQ6-q5Xqc-ipe5UXJEozUVckExJ5OTnygMcuCNnxkCGansn1t_CNfsBK-4VaH6l0wEBstp_dFSn2qqdilbQe-FAnwBNpkvj_IBqUGrIGATIGzPU=w640-h480" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="640" /></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>House Sparrows in a museum collection.</i></td></tr></tbody></table><p>Museum collections are an underutilized resource for research. Many people don’t know that behind the scenes there is a vault of information: thousands of beautifully preserved specimens in temperature and light controlled cabinets. Some of these specimens are never seen by the public. Those collections could even contain examples of species long extinct, remembered only through what was left behind. Properly preserved specimens can provide a trove of information over long periods of time, showing us an intimate history of an animal’s distribution and condition. Specimens decades old can be used in modern analyses—sometimes analyses the collectors never dreamed of. Johnston and Selander likely never imagined a grad student would use their specimens to help predict how birds will respond to rising global temperatures.<br /><br />Those historical House Sparrow specimens can then be compared to today’s birds, revealing how they have changed in the past 60 years. To do this, my team and I traveled across the US, resampling 18 of the original sites from this historical study, creating a contemporary matching collection. At each site, we aimed to sample 40 House Sparrows—20 males and 20 females—using mist nets, fine mesh nets meant to capture birds without harm. After capturing the birds, we can measure their limbs, photograph their feathers, and conduct genetic studies, just like with the historical specimens.</p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img height="274" src="https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/lU6tDSpKM2v2GTR_Kw2k5m0-llRVZDgdHYgdvWebIEWtITleK7KzqmJCQq5OQUJL0cFaWCQaeY8pA47fVITDAdSChWTb6p8VUNFnJZfjJ9y2fD37R4mdl0kyplsZaswtzSJr0A4FH4u6GbK9xK7OwQI=w640-h274" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="640" /></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Setting up the mist net at Tucson Audubon; House Sparrow in hand.</i></td></tr></tbody></table><p>One of the original sites in the historical study was in Tucson. The Tucson Audubon Society was kind enough to let us work with them and utilize their headquarters as one of our sampling sites. It was by far one of the best sites I have had the pleasure to collect at. The House Sparrows came in at a steady stream that allowed me and my team to work effectively with them. However, House Sparrows are surprisingly clever, and they can quickly figure out where our nets are placed; we had to move our nets periodically so they wouldn’t get used to them. We also caught several other beautiful species of birds that we carefully released back into the wild, like Verdin and Yellow-rumped Warbler. The Tucson Audubon Society also has several species of hummingbirds around their property, like Anna’s, Broad-billed, and Costa’s Hummingbirds. Most were keen and agile enough to avoid getting caught, but some hit the nets and we were able to observe them up close before gently releasing them. A young Cooper’s Hawk got himself caught in our net as well, probably thinking he was getting himself an easy lunch.</p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img height="299" src="https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/V_LORqZsElGz8aDifWIns7bFbSv0AUIJVWBUGJIaD-qbClBKtJObByk8-iqvhv9bE1huzaCKw-65VFUkbT-p0DPd_BKKuYL24rcdaLfzLIEM2ONts_JLcE2Tz0eZJ-GeSZFuxMPoYfZ11EttCzGsaUs=w640-h299" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="640" /></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Non-target Curve-billed Thrasher and juvenile Cooper’s Hawk were caught.</i></td></tr></tbody></table><p>We were able to reach our target number at the Tucson Audubon site and we’d like to thank them for allowing us to use their space. The trip was a success overall, and we returned with 200 samples from across the American southwest for our study. Hopefully in the coming years we will be able to assess how our rapidly changing climate is affecting House Sparrows, and possibly birds overall, with these valuable samples.<br /></p><p><i></i></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><i><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqUqLLvDZq0syubRlYW6FjhzeDyFy8kgNBYVzAyg5ekRCMK2VipyYl-z9vrnhT8u4vjJM7NQVi4gdZI3ylY-lY6iwFQ4m_u4svvyTG0LGkIDhtqiYjhXrNhOeACNqRrRokj87u1H2fp57gD2XB5PRCafgOqwTx6lkXa3pa4TOAcK_bfgBGrqC3uRgHAXc/s542/Isaac%20Rush.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="542" data-original-width="500" height="160" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqUqLLvDZq0syubRlYW6FjhzeDyFy8kgNBYVzAyg5ekRCMK2VipyYl-z9vrnhT8u4vjJM7NQVi4gdZI3ylY-lY6iwFQ4m_u4svvyTG0LGkIDhtqiYjhXrNhOeACNqRrRokj87u1H2fp57gD2XB5PRCafgOqwTx6lkXa3pa4TOAcK_bfgBGrqC3uRgHAXc/w147-h160/Isaac%20Rush.jpg" width="147" /></a></i></div><i><br />Isaac Rush is a PhD student at North Dakota State University studying morphometrics in House Sparrows and managing the university museum collection.</i><p></p>Tucson Audubonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14909205833542750535noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6336484123485799841.post-29626922598986241272023-07-07T09:47:00.001-07:002023-07-07T09:50:00.957-07:00Busy Curve-billed Thrasher Family at Their Spiny Nest<p><b>By Dan Weisz </b></p><p><b></b></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8WGGnWkHVQ4-kCf8TfSqs-okJOCUzgVp-ZtXK9QaCPNKRhTABRDgdnSTUHxeEpJYt8GN65WKNhBXcrUR3fcLsE2fEMh-D6OMUcp1PtBrlQk0CRLu5ZsBmJ5vBNChmbAQSANnueTAHT67vxk8E5OVGk0mUyHBUjTmvNehdGn6GYNGbOYjwHr5xJXE8PcA/s800/1.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="640" data-original-width="800" height="512" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8WGGnWkHVQ4-kCf8TfSqs-okJOCUzgVp-ZtXK9QaCPNKRhTABRDgdnSTUHxeEpJYt8GN65WKNhBXcrUR3fcLsE2fEMh-D6OMUcp1PtBrlQk0CRLu5ZsBmJ5vBNChmbAQSANnueTAHT67vxk8E5OVGk0mUyHBUjTmvNehdGn6GYNGbOYjwHr5xJXE8PcA/w640-h512/1.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Feeding very hungry nestlings is a tiring job! All photos by Dan Weisz</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><b><br /></b>A neighbor who lives a block from me has a cholla cactus that has hosted a Curve-billed Thrasher nest several years in a row. On a recent walk I noticed a new nest appeared to be active again this year. Here is the cholla. <p></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiV_dIr5klzzvLrrZ2OcOCmmtOaqLY7QH0qHlLJeNN4BIb1xsB05WjYszvylQcQ0VQ2IwIEzGZH6MKI7PckBySRWCjkWD5_kMAAXBSoOJdZgKgd-_5EPmzN3ujLbz_PI6hm7GBEw9Vv4X9ov93dzqDcnensO3iQ3tTD0YMBOZL-uIyE3xIe5VBGcoRBh5I/s542/2edit.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="542" data-original-width="533" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiV_dIr5klzzvLrrZ2OcOCmmtOaqLY7QH0qHlLJeNN4BIb1xsB05WjYszvylQcQ0VQ2IwIEzGZH6MKI7PckBySRWCjkWD5_kMAAXBSoOJdZgKgd-_5EPmzN3ujLbz_PI6hm7GBEw9Vv4X9ov93dzqDcnensO3iQ3tTD0YMBOZL-uIyE3xIe5VBGcoRBh5I/w630-h640/2edit.jpg" width="630" /></a></div><p>Later in the day, I drove over to my neighbor’s house and parked in the street with a view of the nest. Using the car as a “blind” and remaining inside, I knew that the Curve-billed Thrashers were likely to not even know I was there. An automobile does not look like a predator to a bird. I watched the thrashers from inside the car while they were hard at work. <br /> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiudw9OLRUmpyEHmvo-VssjW4xebndmOGkGNa7R2i4cASbMCHMMDncXi2deE44fTOeBCsaN2zBaKy6eYY0t-y7sRXm-tL2z8SLXjomy-rypWUW1ZSsudxIF7fNK9G8pirGHyYGiq-f60uNHQ79LSayVd_1F2Wdmy2zKhXADsNZoAO9ZW3wGkPMURaQrOys/s800/3.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="800" data-original-width="640" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiudw9OLRUmpyEHmvo-VssjW4xebndmOGkGNa7R2i4cASbMCHMMDncXi2deE44fTOeBCsaN2zBaKy6eYY0t-y7sRXm-tL2z8SLXjomy-rypWUW1ZSsudxIF7fNK9G8pirGHyYGiq-f60uNHQ79LSayVd_1F2Wdmy2zKhXADsNZoAO9ZW3wGkPMURaQrOys/w512-h640/3.jpg" width="512" /></a></div><p>Very quickly I began to see a pattern of Curve-billed Thrashers bringing food to the nest. There were a variety of items, some recognizable as insects and some unrecognizable to me but an obvious treat for a Curve-billed Thrasher. <br /><br /> The thrashers appeared about every ten minutes. They would hop onto the top of the cholla, look around, and then drop down to the nest area to feed the two chicks in the nest. You can see two open mouths hoping to receive something to eat. The inside of young birds throats are often bright orange to give the parent birds an easy target to stuff food into. <br /><br /> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJR4CGiTHtzCR88bB7U0swMWeHTeJWzGSz9H5yUw-Suyz99r78C4KCA2h7sxs_CFvVhJW8HMFmWYseBSQ0mcNDhCbheUkZ-znQtGBEaCkNQBcawRlX5eIXWSVzYfF8FxJWtwWYjXkqPD7JSn7Ki7S2crAFUDYuUTKKjvgqXBggowWHAwuyLZ7F9KY_yWc/s800/4.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="640" data-original-width="800" height="512" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJR4CGiTHtzCR88bB7U0swMWeHTeJWzGSz9H5yUw-Suyz99r78C4KCA2h7sxs_CFvVhJW8HMFmWYseBSQ0mcNDhCbheUkZ-znQtGBEaCkNQBcawRlX5eIXWSVzYfF8FxJWtwWYjXkqPD7JSn7Ki7S2crAFUDYuUTKKjvgqXBggowWHAwuyLZ7F9KY_yWc/w640-h512/4.jpg" width="640" /></a><br /><br />I was excited to see one of the Thrashers appear with a very tiny lizard. The thrasher landed on a nearby rock, then hopped up to an agave stalk and then over to the cholla. With that large ‘decurved’ beak and those large eyes, Curve-billed Thrashers always seem to have a grumpy look.<br /> </p><p style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbmQz-cJqovCyXWp9XB_2RzStGTs9aAKRtkvF1GkxFYU2oRiRC24h-oX0iiUF5ML2pKkOBbHI6ncguSsnFnn5lZHJkJ293cPJ1OnENjwPsBMOWJgMJTEnsLD0o0Y5ED4hXPWJM7qi2EWA7051TiWJ5QKIP6TEda6tzd5v2TNs6vwyKF6bhrR4HtFeT3eg/s800/5.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="800" data-original-width="640" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbmQz-cJqovCyXWp9XB_2RzStGTs9aAKRtkvF1GkxFYU2oRiRC24h-oX0iiUF5ML2pKkOBbHI6ncguSsnFnn5lZHJkJ293cPJ1OnENjwPsBMOWJgMJTEnsLD0o0Y5ED4hXPWJM7qi2EWA7051TiWJ5QKIP6TEda6tzd5v2TNs6vwyKF6bhrR4HtFeT3eg/w512-h640/5.jpg" width="512" /></a><br /></p><p>Curve-billed Thrashers will eat seeds, fruit and insects. Young birds need protein to grow quickly so insects (and lizards and perhaps other very small creatures) are favored food items at this stage. Besides the long curved bill, Curve-billed Thrashers are known for being gray/brown all over with a white throat and spotted belly. Those long curved bills are a great tool for probing into cacti, and for digging through ground cover and vegetation probing for food. <br /><br /> Saguaros have finished most of their flowering and now the fruit is ripening. This Thrasher found some good red saguaro fruit and seeds to feed its hatchlings. <br /><br /> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVl1Kvcbb-ckfSlciryV3Rltw0JirTHR7yGBwFVC0LwC6vSy4Ao_FaZlJcsZ6BFHKAqpf8WeipQvPBkPSgWT0P9-wFknPwHO45RITdxpGxP_1YcNaW7nkXnNUbtsoNSWuiRiueF5uHN7yobR6ZgsC5BI5GVDKHalrW9T-XtgUuWqeR7njunTH7Q11CPYA/s800/6.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="640" data-original-width="800" height="512" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVl1Kvcbb-ckfSlciryV3Rltw0JirTHR7yGBwFVC0LwC6vSy4Ao_FaZlJcsZ6BFHKAqpf8WeipQvPBkPSgWT0P9-wFknPwHO45RITdxpGxP_1YcNaW7nkXnNUbtsoNSWuiRiueF5uHN7yobR6ZgsC5BI5GVDKHalrW9T-XtgUuWqeR7njunTH7Q11CPYA/w640-h512/6.jpg" width="640" /></a><br /><br />From inside my car, I could not see deeply into the nest. But when either of the parents arrived with food, they dropped into the nest quickly and two hungry bills filled the air. You can imagine hearing them begging “me, me, choose me!”. <br /><br /> Both parents were busy caring for the young. Males and Female Curve-billed Thrashers look alike. When only one bird brought food to the nest and then flew off, I couldn’t know which parent was which. Often though, one bird would feed the young and then wait atop the cholla for the other to show up. That’s how I knew that both parents were taking care of the young. <br /> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1bD7ThIgkTYrJwTEW8zIKspclnPzVAv1h6U2mxRaznFBGzzTuI82NgStIiYyNvBrTT1veBPQ9hF0sMLuUOeEK-lE8pi4pfW-e9QaQb8knvt5IQv0SUYJl5w5bKU54S6vtuHOh2NsWbYNsZrQNktNkMvm9Pdj_WMHXUtrWmdlPSo8UnOFOE-JP1QAcSF8/s800/7.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="640" data-original-width="800" height="512" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1bD7ThIgkTYrJwTEW8zIKspclnPzVAv1h6U2mxRaznFBGzzTuI82NgStIiYyNvBrTT1veBPQ9hF0sMLuUOeEK-lE8pi4pfW-e9QaQb8knvt5IQv0SUYJl5w5bKU54S6vtuHOh2NsWbYNsZrQNktNkMvm9Pdj_WMHXUtrWmdlPSo8UnOFOE-JP1QAcSF8/w640-h512/7.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><p>With a bee (?) in its bill, the thrasher seems triumphant. Cholla cacti provide a very protected spot for a nest. Birds like the thrashers are so light (weighing 2-3 ounces) they can land on cactus spines without applying enough force to get impaled. Plus, they spread their toes out and they land very gently. In some cases, it’s like the yogi sleeping-on-a-bed-of-nails thing. Nobody gets hurt in the process. <br /> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiU5eOEnQnL6Kc3xTjJjKZ_uwCa6orvvVGBvStDh4mxqcaJT6PzHkYuMXBS0XBwAsu948k1H998XtED_X_CzOYjsw0OR5ToZLi_CiDOYuNuLY369FVTIrlFhXALTi21N34IMFUOHye0qPp5QAu_ba1JbpcR3DSPMyL0YWU4StH9-n321UixBcNBba9fYkY/s800/8.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="800" data-original-width="640" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiU5eOEnQnL6Kc3xTjJjKZ_uwCa6orvvVGBvStDh4mxqcaJT6PzHkYuMXBS0XBwAsu948k1H998XtED_X_CzOYjsw0OR5ToZLi_CiDOYuNuLY369FVTIrlFhXALTi21N34IMFUOHye0qPp5QAu_ba1JbpcR3DSPMyL0YWU4StH9-n321UixBcNBba9fYkY/w512-h640/8.jpg" width="512" /></a></div><p>The young Curve-billed Thrashers fledged three days later. Another neighbor reported an empty nest on that day. Curve-billed Thrasher young fledge (leave the nest) at 14-18 days from hatching. They grow very fast but will still be dependent on parents to feed them for another three weeks before beginning their independent lives. <br /><br /><i></i></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><i><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidZj00t8ix3PwBUx2Ujd8FLibT3yLWJ8K0EUMvLCPjtRAWoLv8jEJmK-yivIJkWjpq5M5CCt8qclu7wAZfX4nBH7ihUtJMvVuAKNRUy3QPzMytP6gXCNOufZ35VHj3HbOII4f9RlegWQTtlM_Vyz9sNmZgbNFOclanjOYi3xAdh3qH5hbnTXDezG6T7AI/s1080/Dan%20Weisz.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1080" data-original-width="1080" height="189" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidZj00t8ix3PwBUx2Ujd8FLibT3yLWJ8K0EUMvLCPjtRAWoLv8jEJmK-yivIJkWjpq5M5CCt8qclu7wAZfX4nBH7ihUtJMvVuAKNRUy3QPzMytP6gXCNOufZ35VHj3HbOII4f9RlegWQTtlM_Vyz9sNmZgbNFOclanjOYi3xAdh3qH5hbnTXDezG6T7AI/w189-h189/Dan%20Weisz.jpg" width="189" /></a></i></div><i><br />Dan Weisz is</i> <i>a native Tucsonan and retired educator who enjoys
birding, being in nature, and taking photographs.</i><br /> <br /><p></p><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br />Tucson Audubonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14909205833542750535noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6336484123485799841.post-39918740174105858002023-06-29T11:26:00.000-07:002023-06-29T11:26:42.848-07:00Saving the Saguaro, the Hub of the Sonoran Desert<p><b> By Aya Pickett </b></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhGm5zYV1K1APOwqalgvD_XJKa6Ip4eucao-NrfQEdpXExAmVWjqvGEykEU2LuKJykcXehzSNOBoasXwSEuOzbnY0QhqxLnmVUBzQiH38u5anDlrRqG3NQcw0yzE2rSoGh9KMcETamg9tYxtstfP7ivOHlQ3q7xpnyU02HxTzbLW5bJLg0sFNysM9JUCEw/s2048/Desert_John%20Fowler.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1024" data-original-width="2048" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhGm5zYV1K1APOwqalgvD_XJKa6Ip4eucao-NrfQEdpXExAmVWjqvGEykEU2LuKJykcXehzSNOBoasXwSEuOzbnY0QhqxLnmVUBzQiH38u5anDlrRqG3NQcw0yzE2rSoGh9KMcETamg9tYxtstfP7ivOHlQ3q7xpnyU02HxTzbLW5bJLg0sFNysM9JUCEw/w640-h320/Desert_John%20Fowler.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Saguaros in the Sonoran Desert, John Fowler</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p>If you’ve visited the Sonoran Desert there’s a high likelihood that you’ve seen a saguaro—it would be difficult not to! The latin name for the saguaro is <i>Carnegia gigantea</i>, and they are truly giants of the desert. The tallest saguaro ever recorded was 78 feet, and they can weigh over 6 tons! These charismatic columnar cacti are a symbol of the desert southwest and are beloved by many who observe them. Saguaros also play a critical role in the lives of many wildlife species. <br /><br />Saguaros are depended on by a wide variety of fauna—over 100 different species rely on the saguaro. The fruit and flowers of mature saguaros provide an important food source for many species of wildlife. Cavities in saguaros also provide important nesting habitat for many species of birds. Saguaros are a keystone species in the Sonoran Desert, and without them, many species of wildlife would lose critical resources they need to survive and reproduce. </p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmnIyOKJTU9HVDbxyzMTW-DgU4NNnJ2nHg5j7FtrUJsdAuNAD5sh2UmMwQ7bcy_nJol_k4NH9w-OGqVa1bUXK9n7TdWoTjqSlgulRBy3XIBQfeDK8fOVkT5w-Ori60N9aScQgZ8_6DoJaCQoYHYrwaMSo284ukWgCDA65tHS5joKBzQPx5Jy7ogt0rJoU/s800/CRCA_Dan%20Weisz%20(2).jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="640" data-original-width="800" height="512" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmnIyOKJTU9HVDbxyzMTW-DgU4NNnJ2nHg5j7FtrUJsdAuNAD5sh2UmMwQ7bcy_nJol_k4NH9w-OGqVa1bUXK9n7TdWoTjqSlgulRBy3XIBQfeDK8fOVkT5w-Ori60N9aScQgZ8_6DoJaCQoYHYrwaMSo284ukWgCDA65tHS5joKBzQPx5Jy7ogt0rJoU/w640-h512/CRCA_Dan%20Weisz%20(2).jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>A Crested Caracara family nesting in a saguaro, Dan Weisz</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p>Though mature saguaros can be viewed in great numbers, younger generations are less common. This is because saguaros are picky about the conditions they need to establish from seed. Specifically, they require two good monsoons with a wet winter in between, a pattern that has not occurred in the last 24 years. Therefore, it's been over 2 decades since a new generation of saguaros was established. <br /><br />In addition to the absence of new generations, mature saguaros are threatened as well. Wildfires pose huge hazards for saguaros, since they are not adapted to fire, and will die off after fire events. In 2020, the Bighorn Fire and the Bush Fire burned over 300,000 acres in total and killed an estimated 420,000 saguaros. These fires were both fueled by buffelgrass, a highly flammable, invasive grass. In combination with the specific requirements saguaro need to establish, this creates major problems for saguaro populations. </p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhknjYKKPwAKkr4PenByVc2zt1itnPs0NXHbcgQAlIotkP6IU2Y9yGPUl40AYqINxfGSphyd6psL8z99ytRPZJc5tUVumySvPLC0f625HHKdST47msagcojTZzD1ZS8FdLCNdZMAlDa0bwT2ObqKaVouNG5_8o1DWcXMi2ewn8PLxT_M7Zm9oR24fIMF88/s2000/Mercer-Rankin.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1333" data-original-width="2000" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhknjYKKPwAKkr4PenByVc2zt1itnPs0NXHbcgQAlIotkP6IU2Y9yGPUl40AYqINxfGSphyd6psL8z99ytRPZJc5tUVumySvPLC0f625HHKdST47msagcojTZzD1ZS8FdLCNdZMAlDa0bwT2ObqKaVouNG5_8o1DWcXMi2ewn8PLxT_M7Zm9oR24fIMF88/w640-h426/Mercer-Rankin.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>The Mercer Fire of 2019, David Rankin</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p>In response to these issues, Tucson Audubon is launching a three year project to restore saguaros. The project focuses on three main activities to restore saguaro function. <br /><br />The first component of the project involves designing and installing 750 saguaro-replicating nest boxes. The nest boxes will be specifically catered to the needs of the Desert Purple Martin, a bird that nests solely in saguaros and other columnar cacti. Many other species of birds could take advantage of the nest boxes as well. American Kestrels, Elf Owls, and Ash-throated Flycatchers are just a few of the species that use saguaro cavities. Saguaro cavities are excavated by woodpeckers in saguaros that are at least 4.5 meters tall. Saguaros grow slowly, and it can take 50-100 years for them to reach this height. By installing saguaro-replicating nestboxes, this process is greatly accelerated. </p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7qiygtOg03vOTzbXNSP9v0BRU8hBCXKFn2BYxqYDtpMXB7qlM2q71NVQsPDpcf5Z3i6HNURTRrs3Zc-zpgNvqrMGKALtzuY69QXZ5AluF8_gI5sF4Tef4tIwAbftWSvAmkFYXB9HetaqCIjK0QZrHCu_6vbt-CyfbzgFUDE8lXC3e0zD87MS_ZKRr5yY/s1168/PUMA%20nestbox%20collage.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="652" data-original-width="1168" height="358" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7qiygtOg03vOTzbXNSP9v0BRU8hBCXKFn2BYxqYDtpMXB7qlM2q71NVQsPDpcf5Z3i6HNURTRrs3Zc-zpgNvqrMGKALtzuY69QXZ5AluF8_gI5sF4Tef4tIwAbftWSvAmkFYXB9HetaqCIjK0QZrHCu_6vbt-CyfbzgFUDE8lXC3e0zD87MS_ZKRr5yY/w640-h358/PUMA%20nestbox%20collage.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Saguaro-replicating nestboxes from the design challenge, 1st Place winner Greg Corman</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p>The second component of the saguaro project focuses on planting 14,000 nursery-grown saguaros. The nursery-grown saguaros are only a few inches tall, but already have an armor of hard spines and pleats that give them water storage abilities. To give them additional protection, each saguaro will be planted adjacent to existing vegetation that will provide them protection from especially hot or cold temperatures and hide them from hungry herbivores. Saguaros will only be planted while the desert is green, which will further reduce pressure of predation. This effort will largely focus in areas of Tonto National Forest and Coronado National Forest that lost saguaros in recent wildfires. </p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNbnGCEkcyJj9fTiG7NezDDaJ1vj8Y3mAIt15O3ULhxEZI5uQvXLdv4dOx9btcnLT7NgPs0jWjSvWee8AUPKPfeLtLjpyqgWx_AHKGZpJtDlmH5wMhhadwI3vL17Z6kGyYGEi4plwhSQ5rYscN4H8AgSLgiXuQbFxQjfnC64KpUINdjHugFKXTzvdGgu8/s836/Saguaros%20await%20planting_Wyatt%20Myskow,%20Inside%20Climate%20News.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="627" data-original-width="836" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNbnGCEkcyJj9fTiG7NezDDaJ1vj8Y3mAIt15O3ULhxEZI5uQvXLdv4dOx9btcnLT7NgPs0jWjSvWee8AUPKPfeLtLjpyqgWx_AHKGZpJtDlmH5wMhhadwI3vL17Z6kGyYGEi4plwhSQ5rYscN4H8AgSLgiXuQbFxQjfnC64KpUINdjHugFKXTzvdGgu8/w640-h480/Saguaros%20await%20planting_Wyatt%20Myskow,%20Inside%20Climate%20News.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Saguaros await planting at the Mason Center, Wyatt Myskow<br /></i></td></tr></tbody></table><p>The third component of the project targets invasive grasses. One thousand acres of invasive grasses will be removed in areas where there are currently saguaros. Invasive grasses like buffelgrass have long-lasting seed banks and will require repeated treatment. The best time to treat buffelgrass is during the monsoon season when the plants are rapidly growing. Each buffelgrass plant will be sprayed with a blue chemical solution that kills the plant without harming native vegetation. <br /><br />Each of these points addresses different aspects of saguaro ecology, and we hope that in combination, they will make a big difference for saguaro populations and the wildlife that depend on them. This project is being funded by the Wildlife Conservation Society, Tonto National Forest, and Coronado National Forest, and with the help of local volunteers, over 200 saguaros have already been planted. <br /><br /><b>If you are interested in planting a saguaro, or would like to know more about the saguaro project, please visit <a href="https://tucsonaudubon.org/saguaro">tucsonaudubon.org/saguaro</a>. </b><br /><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhX4_0ZjD49xjdK8z7k2w6shIdaQUU8i6icJs0usCqlpOOeaiP4i8-TKZcJXnOEA7oc1W9mr9jZ4Rn9s6YQpFiXY1NxAiSs7ZyRRhqgU_tEMllU4a7DBRuTT9L1oY13AnkMHel30eK610DRvuFq15SC14k0RaFNDgptLQ6gIQeHDrNrh2GKChS_4jqL2bs/s400/Aya%20Pickett.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="400" data-original-width="400" height="156" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhX4_0ZjD49xjdK8z7k2w6shIdaQUU8i6icJs0usCqlpOOeaiP4i8-TKZcJXnOEA7oc1W9mr9jZ4Rn9s6YQpFiXY1NxAiSs7ZyRRhqgU_tEMllU4a7DBRuTT9L1oY13AnkMHel30eK610DRvuFq15SC14k0RaFNDgptLQ6gIQeHDrNrh2GKChS_4jqL2bs/w156-h156/Aya%20Pickett.jpg" width="156" /></a></div><br /><i>Aya Pickett is the Restoration Project Manager at Tucson Audubon. </i><br /><br /> <br /><br />Tucson Audubonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14909205833542750535noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6336484123485799841.post-75185639565729614062023-06-15T11:42:00.001-07:002023-06-15T11:47:18.903-07:00Torture Within: the Hidden Threat of Death Pipes<p><b>By Olya Weekley</b></p><p><b><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2tAkXp_12bhglMvq5VCisoImz4UyVkrIbo70Hyx0FdkQTgRaZ2JqHItr1CQZ8bJoV_83osDRnG1iaoIMNljznK9EMZiQbB-OxqMJe2plQSGQR5rsVqorK5dd-EIDcbju8t8vNAFD8KOVTB2X60_SYVXUWe5dqLDJdgdvYiubRlGvD4NFE9YzGGn8d/s1280/Capping%20death%20pipes%20at%20Simpson%20%5BKendall%20Kroesen%5D%2001.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="960" data-original-width="1280" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2tAkXp_12bhglMvq5VCisoImz4UyVkrIbo70Hyx0FdkQTgRaZ2JqHItr1CQZ8bJoV_83osDRnG1iaoIMNljznK9EMZiQbB-OxqMJe2plQSGQR5rsVqorK5dd-EIDcbju8t8vNAFD8KOVTB2X60_SYVXUWe5dqLDJdgdvYiubRlGvD4NFE9YzGGn8d/w640-h480/Capping%20death%20pipes%20at%20Simpson%20%5BKendall%20Kroesen%5D%2001.JPG" width="640" /></a></b><br /><br /> Every day birds have to navigate the dangers of living in close proximity to humans. One such threat, lurking in plain sight, is the open vertical pipe. Commonly referred to as Death Pipes, these seemingly innocuous structures pose a significant risk to birds and other wildlife. Small creatures can become trapped inside them when seeking a place to nest, hibernate, or roost. Unable to climb the smooth surface of the pipe or spread their wings, birds eventually die a slow agonizing death. Some of the most commonly affected species include bluebirds, flycatchers, woodpeckers, sparrows, shrikes, kestrels, and even owls. Cavity nesting birds are the most likely victims, but lizards, snakes, small mammals, and insects have also fallen victim to these pipes. </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_IupFjrrEOykPUvPtJ1MD2qFiD-JpvqEQsS1EkTnOA_kFo3zgFjUObVy7tIf3s4p7yGiOo4-Gdyg3WiIJ7-GQoscXJGsxUch3Z1cXpM-AWdQHiyEVaQsV77JwCFSVT0TAT5k7-VLkJqTBSJhQZOoD_JmRGCaVFoI_QcBRkTk0ZZ-flQehT9km3hHF/s400/pipe_inside_400p.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="345" data-original-width="400" height="345" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_IupFjrrEOykPUvPtJ1MD2qFiD-JpvqEQsS1EkTnOA_kFo3zgFjUObVy7tIf3s4p7yGiOo4-Gdyg3WiIJ7-GQoscXJGsxUch3Z1cXpM-AWdQHiyEVaQsV77JwCFSVT0TAT5k7-VLkJqTBSJhQZOoD_JmRGCaVFoI_QcBRkTk0ZZ-flQehT9km3hHF/w400-h345/pipe_inside_400p.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p>Determining the true extent of bird and animal fatalities caused by open pipes is challenging since the victims remain concealed until the pipes are removed. A striking example of the magnitude of this issue occurred in 2009 when Audubon California dismantled a 20-foot-tall pipe from an abandoned irrigation system that had been in place for 50 years. To their shock, they discovered hundreds of deceased birds and animals, including kestrels, flickers, bluebirds, and fence lizards. Until then, the existence of this particular death trap was unknown. <br /><br />Open pipes serve a variety of purposes, from functioning as fence posts and gate anchors to signposts or markers for boundaries and mining claims. Even vent and irrigation pipes, when left uncovered, pose a threat. Once you are familiar with the concept of death pipes, their ubiquity becomes apparent. As birders, we often venture into wilderness areas, making us valuable allies in locating and reporting these hazards. By increasing our vigilance, we can help protect the animals around us. </p><p><b><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgDNEtp4LdEZn0MAL4mukZeFreeoyDcxsUCK3vh2mp3helWmkecQqtFLYsC3pXVpNJENKXnVqxth9R8P7z34fhrgbu-NvSVyTXRlCOpMz78PJ9Ph1iHz_oMAhYpRqCqq4yczs87OUJ4wqhi4S9RcqgXe25Zu09eCte1d96zvEDy391zjj2hCS_1pM2O/s4032/Sycamore%20Canyon%20Atascosas%20pipes%20by%20Olya%20Phillips.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3024" data-original-width="4032" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgDNEtp4LdEZn0MAL4mukZeFreeoyDcxsUCK3vh2mp3helWmkecQqtFLYsC3pXVpNJENKXnVqxth9R8P7z34fhrgbu-NvSVyTXRlCOpMz78PJ9Ph1iHz_oMAhYpRqCqq4yczs87OUJ4wqhi4S9RcqgXe25Zu09eCte1d96zvEDy391zjj2hCS_1pM2O/w640-h480/Sycamore%20Canyon%20Atascosas%20pipes%20by%20Olya%20Phillips.jpg" width="640" /></a></b></p><h3 style="text-align: left;">Taking Action: </h3><p><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwaKcoVt042W9cnlCiAAUYDY8C3vAn1M5_gohRJw9LrN2KYUm1hkjFu8SFFlCv3DTGzIDSH067eSiIxYHk3sk8iRRyRDRHhGoOMnHZHV_SaEXkH59YgELMWVCKuFTkFhBTHD1K38_K-j0qXdekJr4dhySqmValpwzRly6K53rrVQ9KXjxHTHWLAeUI/s4032/Simpson%20capped%20pipe%202.8.2022.JPG" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4032" data-original-width="3024" height="351" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwaKcoVt042W9cnlCiAAUYDY8C3vAn1M5_gohRJw9LrN2KYUm1hkjFu8SFFlCv3DTGzIDSH067eSiIxYHk3sk8iRRyRDRHhGoOMnHZHV_SaEXkH59YgELMWVCKuFTkFhBTHD1K38_K-j0qXdekJr4dhySqmValpwzRly6K53rrVQ9KXjxHTHWLAeUI/w263-h351/Simpson%20capped%20pipe%202.8.2022.JPG" width="263" /></a>This year, we are proud to announce that we have received a grant from <a href="https://azsfwc.org/">Arizona Sportsmen for Wildlife Conservation</a> to raise public awareness about this issue and take concrete steps to address it in Southeast Arizona. However, we cannot achieve our mission without your assistance. If you encounter an open vertical pipe, please report it through our website using the form at <a href="https://www.tucsonaudubon.org/deathpipes">tucsonaudubon.org/deathpipes</a>. We ask for a few details about the pipe's location and dimensions and a photo if possible. We also kindly ask that you temporarily cap the pipe with readily available objects until we can arrive to permanently address the issue. <br /><br />Several methods exist to cap open pipes that serve no obvious function. Temporarily, you can place a large rock on top of the pipe or stuff trash, vegetation, or rocks inside. For those addressing pipes on their own property and seeking a more permanent solution, options include using wire mesh with a clamp, a cement cap, or complete removal of the pipe. The possibilities are endless, but ensure the cap is secure and not easily movable by wind or animals. For necessary ventilation or irrigations, specialized screens and caps are available. <br /><br />Death pipes are an easily overlooked but big threat to birds. By increasing awareness and actively participating in their detection, we can prevent these unnecessary deaths for years to come. With the support of organizations like Arizona Sportsmen for Wildlife Conservation and individuals like you, we can make a difference. Join us in our efforts to identify and permanently cap these hazardous pipes! <br /><br /><b>More information and the reporting link can be found at <a href="https://www.tucsonaudubon.org/deathpipes">tucsonaudubon.org/deathpipes</a>. </b></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDJVzz1oMM-RMER6yZHFolpzhG9fSBxxUSpw-WGOt5lCVkGqOBaomKNnEk_MVGW1DyuEv9VkVzWPNYuZN2-scl5tGdUwEEz5OnjhT0w9j94_wDlfnZGqsFnk6ZrhXlxN3esfxN6Gqgi60M3bq7xE3M7EjkkAs-lIBj8N9ESIxOAVXka8Wj3WQ-o8CT/s396/Olya%20Phillips_Citizen%20Science%20Coordinator.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="396" data-original-width="350" height="149" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDJVzz1oMM-RMER6yZHFolpzhG9fSBxxUSpw-WGOt5lCVkGqOBaomKNnEk_MVGW1DyuEv9VkVzWPNYuZN2-scl5tGdUwEEz5OnjhT0w9j94_wDlfnZGqsFnk6ZrhXlxN3esfxN6Gqgi60M3bq7xE3M7EjkkAs-lIBj8N9ESIxOAVXka8Wj3WQ-o8CT/w132-h149/Olya%20Phillips_Citizen%20Science%20Coordinator.jpg" width="132" /></a></div><br /><i>Olya Weekley is Applied Conservation Project Manager at Tucson Audubon.</i><br /><p></p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p><br /><br /></p>Tucson Audubonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14909205833542750535noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6336484123485799841.post-5416976805399090642023-06-09T09:17:00.007-07:002023-06-09T09:24:47.710-07:00Welcome New Executive Director Melissa Fratello<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyWC_bgFm2tt1t-e9vB-DJuTdY4wtLYH13gxn4xm6gSLojCB2vQnH_08laBz6c_IHj3SjCB4YRtzennHPhnFW8Q8C_7rghz5Bs1GWIpqsiv7w0CztjnwgmwPd23-Qar3_4k4d5D-N2gepSV2EKW2JVMxobDkOxdAC0MONiX_RH3lDPmlll08tNDDzL/s624/Melissa%20Fratello_Headshot.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="624" data-original-width="450" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyWC_bgFm2tt1t-e9vB-DJuTdY4wtLYH13gxn4xm6gSLojCB2vQnH_08laBz6c_IHj3SjCB4YRtzennHPhnFW8Q8C_7rghz5Bs1GWIpqsiv7w0CztjnwgmwPd23-Qar3_4k4d5D-N2gepSV2EKW2JVMxobDkOxdAC0MONiX_RH3lDPmlll08tNDDzL/s320/Melissa%20Fratello_Headshot.jpg" width="231" /></a></div><p>We are so excited to announce that Melissa Fratello will serve as Tucson Audubon's next Executive Director. </p><p>Melissa comes to Tucson Audubon Society with a strong connection to conservation work in southern Arizona. She most recently served as a program director and interim executive director of Borderland Restoration Network. Her career has also included senior grant writing experience with the Center for Biological Diversity, and being the executive director of Buffalo Audubon Society. Her nonprofit career spans nearly two decades of protecting the environment, building community and serving people and wildlife. <br /><br />As Executive Director, Melissa will be the foremost ambassador for Tucson Audubon’s exceptional mission to “inspire people to enjoy and protect birds through recreation, education, conservation, and restoration of the environment upon which we all depend.”<br /><br />Melissa states, “I feel incredibly lucky to live in and work toward the protection of Southeastern Arizona's stunning Sky Island region—one of the most biodiverse places on the planet—and a place people flock to from around the globe, delighting in birds that we might overlook as commonplace. <br /><br />“I consider birds a gateway for people to celebrate, understand, and reconnect to nature, wherever they may be, and regardless of whether or not they consider themselves birders. Protecting birds and their habitats has the multiplier effect of protecting everything else that shares space with them, including us.<br /><br />“Building on Tucson Audubon's incredible work and past leadership, I seek to cultivate a space where a sense of belonging in birding, community science, and advocacy can be felt by people of all abilities and backgrounds; where historically marginalized communities will be meaningfully engaged. Working with our deeply talented and dedicated team and network of partners, I strive to lead Tucson Audubon into a new chapter as a regional leader in conservation practice, advocacy, and education.” <br /><br />Tucson Audubon Board Member Kathy Jacobs adds, "Melissa is the perfect choice for Executive Director of Tucson Audubon at a critical time in our organization's history. She is an experienced manager and fundraiser, a committed birder, and an incredibly nice person." Kathy was the chairperson of the Tucson Audubon Society Executive Director Search Committee.</p><p>We look forward to Melissa joining Tucson Audubon staff July 2023!<br /><br /></p>Tucson Audubonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14909205833542750535noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6336484123485799841.post-2202136421563582082023-06-01T10:39:00.000-07:002023-06-01T10:39:25.444-07:00Swainson's Hawks on Their Way North<p>By Dan Weisz<br /> </p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0TNMnItLodL299RNsBQIjmh8vnBErfnQi0LEixjbhfaMJFWbpkWUtBa2Djil1R1x8sskUFBxOaUV3rBitykIl6a7sOh7VbuSsSWa5CuRrFJC2pcppWo9u1zx31wvJFKAm4ENe7BC0kpyuOXdb4KaANL7Zc8uUdTW9n5SsIMqhc_rZNPIQ5569yXsB/s640/7%20edit.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="615" data-original-width="640" height="616" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0TNMnItLodL299RNsBQIjmh8vnBErfnQi0LEixjbhfaMJFWbpkWUtBa2Djil1R1x8sskUFBxOaUV3rBitykIl6a7sOh7VbuSsSWa5CuRrFJC2pcppWo9u1zx31wvJFKAm4ENe7BC0kpyuOXdb4KaANL7Zc8uUdTW9n5SsIMqhc_rZNPIQ5569yXsB/w640-h616/7%20edit.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>All photos by Dan Weisz</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p>In Southern Arizona, we see large numbers of Swainson’s Hawks as they migrate through every spring and fall. Some Swainson's remain in southern AZ during the summer, but the migrating numbers are always overwhelming. Swainson’s Hawks are close in size and shape to the more common Red-tailed Hawk. They are longer and narrower with more pointed wings than Red-tails have. The plumage colors of Swainson's are so variable, making these great birds to find. I recently passed two fields in Marana where upwards of 100 Swainson’s had settled in at the end of the day. <br /><br /> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3d7dKNW175hlnJF7MUdMdJUPLLGx3kzyBrkCYau4TRHfx_Myv3tfbjDCid-Gg5RrSyP1xAUOgScWyIAkA9MOO1Jaq1Nnm1wTc_2Fkig6sO-mzwI7HNqY7Z2pxhocuc4AhpF3Wrf7n3-EbhDHZWZcnia2N7LQ4egOmfAhKb5mcDzR9Nb9stsz5XgPS/s1229/1.png" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1229" data-original-width="855" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3d7dKNW175hlnJF7MUdMdJUPLLGx3kzyBrkCYau4TRHfx_Myv3tfbjDCid-Gg5RrSyP1xAUOgScWyIAkA9MOO1Jaq1Nnm1wTc_2Fkig6sO-mzwI7HNqY7Z2pxhocuc4AhpF3Wrf7n3-EbhDHZWZcnia2N7LQ4egOmfAhKb5mcDzR9Nb9stsz5XgPS/s320/1.png" width="223" /></a>Swainson’s Hawks are long-distance migrants. During the summers, Swainson’s Hawks live in much of the western states and up into Canada and Alaska. During the winter, most of the Swainson’s migrate all the way down to Argentina. Now, they are on their way back. That’s a heck of a journey!<br /> </p>Swainson’s Hawks are birds of open country. They are large hawks with broad wings and short tails. Swainson’s Hawks can be found perched on any tall feature in that open country including short shrubby trees. They can also be found standing on the ground in areas that have few proper perches. <br /><p>One of the things that makes Swainson’s Hawks special is the wide variability in color and plumage from bird to bird. The bird below was perched on a large berm very close to the bird above. While the two birds look similar, the one below has white above its bill and a much whiter throat than the first hawk did. <br /><br /> During breeding season, Swainson’s Hawks feed on the Three “R’s” of raptor diets: rodents, reptiles and rabbits. When it is not breeding season, the diet of Swainson’s Hawks switches more to insects of all kinds. Because Swainson’s feed on insects during their migration, you can often
find them on the ground in farm fields like this one. After flying all
day, they settle down to feast on the insects in the fields. </p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzVdKYHTLr9SaoNxr6HTW03oaFUeBmTphE06YXzb-oIrBZZ1obwcXX-gTU2r2Z4YM3kxjVJWeQxvPDvAW4SNEAxRPXz2MxPnN8_qBIe-TmEG16t3uy3isozjFFkvrrPff5u3Mkpffo-GKqqKTt_er66K9E5Z8RdX76z0gDRpDLV9Uh3rX17LjRP6cN/s800/4.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="640" data-original-width="800" height="512" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzVdKYHTLr9SaoNxr6HTW03oaFUeBmTphE06YXzb-oIrBZZ1obwcXX-gTU2r2Z4YM3kxjVJWeQxvPDvAW4SNEAxRPXz2MxPnN8_qBIe-TmEG16t3uy3isozjFFkvrrPff5u3Mkpffo-GKqqKTt_er66K9E5Z8RdX76z0gDRpDLV9Uh3rX17LjRP6cN/w640-h512/4.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><p>There was one immature Swainson’s Hawk that we could see. Swainson’s take three years to achieve their adult plumage. The white head is an easy indicator of this bird’s age. He was looking back towards the setting sun. <br /> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUK7Dj7DqSdfv7PjjQLJaO5ruDJetN-U-fN4BB6u533bcySlf27U1m0XBdMpAbWDbDd0OUj9CTZ3BbM477uUv3UiksnznbsNoStudNsRVQQvv5DM3MUSHOkS9nfwPXaswHBTNGyvhmbJW9-frtSV1k9O2k_QL8hK4dDOFhFEB_bz5m02R-xG-xAASY/s800/5.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="640" data-original-width="800" height="512" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUK7Dj7DqSdfv7PjjQLJaO5ruDJetN-U-fN4BB6u533bcySlf27U1m0XBdMpAbWDbDd0OUj9CTZ3BbM477uUv3UiksnznbsNoStudNsRVQQvv5DM3MUSHOkS9nfwPXaswHBTNGyvhmbJW9-frtSV1k9O2k_QL8hK4dDOFhFEB_bz5m02R-xG-xAASY/w640-h512/5.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><p>Immature Swainson’s also have lighter eye color than adults do. This bird’s iris is yellow rather than the darker color of an adult’s. Its breast is also a patchier pattern than an adult’s would be. <br /><br /> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrESe_Ay1yylXwWLMzwQUMrlWlG4cyx494cMA4dfeATWVNGQicyvhglgfYiUDBpQJhi9EV9DHY9Ml3ZJQbcjzOq-h5s4oafujX-P4PyJ9KIKQGGrNCSC-R4Qlsy2ywbmcbzBiliWgfleUsQPqxaeXw03_IpMmYq1PlsFBeF5_DV6Fra8qx-4lakJPd/s800/9.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="510" data-original-width="800" height="408" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrESe_Ay1yylXwWLMzwQUMrlWlG4cyx494cMA4dfeATWVNGQicyvhglgfYiUDBpQJhi9EV9DHY9Ml3ZJQbcjzOq-h5s4oafujX-P4PyJ9KIKQGGrNCSC-R4Qlsy2ywbmcbzBiliWgfleUsQPqxaeXw03_IpMmYq1PlsFBeF5_DV6Fra8qx-4lakJPd/w640-h408/9.jpg" width="640" /></a><br /><br />It is always fun to run across Swainson’s Hawks in numbers during migration season and this group made our day’s adventure even more special. </p><p><i></i></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><i><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5I2pZvwirlFzqBJR3oyzObylhrmqrLm2hs0YjwtqopYhevdJyRwR4c8WSGmtldPPx6bpxU_nou4fbA9RkLmGqLia9JIrv2qU60knLZuspQTRhGGGCUmuIk7PqvX_gxPFbAs3eTZyzeAp1bE617Mbxnha0h8TSo2UZmgEev2P--TSwyPzqP8_zMK9y/s1080/Dan%20Weisz.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1080" data-original-width="1080" height="136" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5I2pZvwirlFzqBJR3oyzObylhrmqrLm2hs0YjwtqopYhevdJyRwR4c8WSGmtldPPx6bpxU_nou4fbA9RkLmGqLia9JIrv2qU60knLZuspQTRhGGGCUmuIk7PqvX_gxPFbAs3eTZyzeAp1bE617Mbxnha0h8TSo2UZmgEev2P--TSwyPzqP8_zMK9y/w136-h136/Dan%20Weisz.jpg" width="136" /></a></i></div><i><br />Dan Weisz</i> is <i>a native Tucsonan and retired educator who enjoys
birding, being in nature, and taking photographs.</i><br /><br /><p></p>Tucson Audubonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14909205833542750535noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6336484123485799841.post-3275376294842534622023-05-17T14:20:00.005-07:002023-05-18T12:13:59.149-07:00Tracking Trogons: Spring in the Sky Islands<p><b>By Jennie MacFarland</b></p><p><b></b></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7PJDN6AXO2XwZE54SWG0nTN4Cfb_J6OO9dLKNQtO0o95BeJRjw-aU2zCUgv0spa32Ux23-EKPy2kva7scW-hYSYkjM94Gm9Xw9AS3EW7U0g1MoGW2F7UNXjWgh1-Ps1fTc1ibuJvzw4s0D8MftClrvJ9oiGcuJP2Ibr0yJ8eB5Q0NHITmwppdMtIh/s1150/ELTR_Francis%20Morgan.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="825" data-original-width="1150" height="460" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7PJDN6AXO2XwZE54SWG0nTN4Cfb_J6OO9dLKNQtO0o95BeJRjw-aU2zCUgv0spa32Ux23-EKPy2kva7scW-hYSYkjM94Gm9Xw9AS3EW7U0g1MoGW2F7UNXjWgh1-Ps1fTc1ibuJvzw4s0D8MftClrvJ9oiGcuJP2Ibr0yJ8eB5Q0NHITmwppdMtIh/w640-h460/ELTR_Francis%20Morgan.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Male trogon by Francis Morgan</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><b> </b><b></b><p></p><p>As temperatures climb in Southeast Arizona during the spring and summer, many of us retreat to the cooler environment that the mountains provide. Lush and scenic canyons such as Madera Canyon in the Santa Rita mountains are particularly inviting, with a flowing creek lined with large, shady sycamore trees. While visiting such a tranquil location you may hear a strange noise echoing from the trees: a repeated “kwok kwok kwok” call that sounds a bit like a frog, or the bark of a small dog (hear it at <a href="https://tucsonaudubon.org/trogon-call">tucsonaudubon.org/trogon-call</a>). This sound is actually the territorial call of an Elegant Trogon, a stunningly beautiful bird that is particularly special in this region. Elegant Trogons look more like a bird of the tropics, with the males having an iridescent green back, bright red belly, and long tail with black and white barring. The females are more subdued in their coloration with brown and beige tones and a pink lower belly. There are dozens of species of trogons in the tropics, but the Elegant Trogon has the distinction of being the only species that has a nesting population in the United States, and they are all within Southeast Arizona. <br /><br />The mountains of Southeast Arizona add to the rugged beauty of our region, helping make Southeast Arizona one of the top bird watching destinations in the country. Often called “Sky Islands”, our mountain ranges, such as the Santa Catalinas, Santa Ritas, Huachucas, Chiricahuas, and others, are part of a much larger cluster of mountains called the Sierra Madre Occidental. This huge sequence of mountain ranges is nearly a thousand miles long, mostly in western Mexico, with only the northern end crossing the international border into Southeast Arizona. These mountains act as a corridor and allow plants and animals usually associated with Mexico to find their way into Arizona. This is the primary reason that so many species that occur in Southeast Arizona are not found anywhere else in the United States. </p><p></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizqRgjM5aXh8OHKAVPhXB2dXLMzK9B7-x0jDlupA-P3K3kp16yqoqptDk89f8Ui9HpY1QYRL4agKMbMMurGQ3jTLsQHmlGNN8VPJDwfugwKU1M9jWkw4W_PMnB26Z4puEEHVx7Ux7EwZyaUz068_8n0zngwIqCqZ4gtjposSUbC5absbi4a6GmogLuwA/s1500/trogon%20collage.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="705" data-original-width="1500" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizqRgjM5aXh8OHKAVPhXB2dXLMzK9B7-x0jDlupA-P3K3kp16yqoqptDk89f8Ui9HpY1QYRL4agKMbMMurGQ3jTLsQHmlGNN8VPJDwfugwKU1M9jWkw4W_PMnB26Z4puEEHVx7Ux7EwZyaUz068_8n0zngwIqCqZ4gtjposSUbC5absbi4a6GmogLuwA/w640-h300/trogon%20collage.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Female trogon by Frank Retes, male in nest by Lois Manowitz</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p>Of all the bird species that you can find here in Southeast Arizona due to this “Sky Island” effect, Elegant Trogon is one of the most sought after. Their unusual beauty, combined with how rare it is to actually see them, makes them irresistible. For a bird that is nearly a foot long and brightly colored, they are surprisingly good at avoiding detection. Unless they give their distinctive call, it is very likely you could walk right by them without noticing their presence. They frequently perch in the shadows and remain very still, or will turn their green back to you, which blends in with the lovely foliage of sycamore and oak trees. Lucky for us, the males give their loud calls quite a bit in late April and May, which makes it more likely you’ll detect them, and even see one with a bit of patience and good fortune. <br /><br /> Tucson Audubon’s annual Elegant Trogon survey is designed to coincide with the time the males are most vocal, in the spring. Over 100 volunteers have helped search five different mountain ranges for trogons, over three weekends in May, every year since 2013. This tremendous effort, involving so many people, has allowed Tucson Audubon to keep track of how the US population of Elegant Trogon has been faring. The highest ever total was in 2020, with 201 trogons documented. However, just one year later, the 2021 survey had the lowest count ever, with 68. From what we can tell, this dramatic decline was caused by the severe lack of rain Southeast Arizona experienced from June 2020 to June 2021, which, instead of “monsoon”, many locals dubbed the “non-soon”. Thankfully, the summer of 2021 had record high rainfall, and the trogon count of 2022 showed an upswing in the population, with 121 trogons documented. It will be very interesting to see how many are counted this coming May. With a year of robust rainfall in the region, it’s a safe prediction that there will be another increase in the population in Arizona this year. <br /><br />Not only are these surveys important for tracking the population of trogons, the volunteers have a great time in the field. Most teams do get to hear or even see Elegant Trogons, but even those that don’t will still encounter other stunning sights and sounds of the canyons. Many different bird species are seen, along with lizards, snakes and butterflies. Normally at least one team spots a Black Bear and several will encounter White-nosed Coatis. It’s so exciting to find an Elegant Trogon in the canyons of our “Sky Islands”, but even if you don’t, there are numerous other amazing species and epic scenery to make any visit a magical experience. </p><p>For more info on the trogon surveys and to sign up for the remaining dates, please see the <a href="https://aziba.org/?page_id=1994" target="_blank">Arizona Important Bird Areas website</a>. <br /></p><p><i></i></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><i><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6bv9-VgbHQIQ-e68gvg5ZD93oYt_yXmuZAtRu5tdn3mXrvrtQh17mxh8qSwTwRmyq7O0QU-EtUxybn_0Kj0DEOPVtv_k1cUWvB3Q9NNx-ep6DfSrDrKS4Q80PCCFOTMJ5Snw4bxgmhn4Qli2mcFtdATSWXqIp07lLa2U3jIqBUnQcE3LWTXchSruS/s500/Jennie%20MacFarland_Simpson.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="441" data-original-width="500" height="120" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6bv9-VgbHQIQ-e68gvg5ZD93oYt_yXmuZAtRu5tdn3mXrvrtQh17mxh8qSwTwRmyq7O0QU-EtUxybn_0Kj0DEOPVtv_k1cUWvB3Q9NNx-ep6DfSrDrKS4Q80PCCFOTMJ5Snw4bxgmhn4Qli2mcFtdATSWXqIp07lLa2U3jIqBUnQcE3LWTXchSruS/w137-h120/Jennie%20MacFarland_Simpson.jpg" width="137" /></a></i></div><i>Jennie MacFarland is the Bird Conservation Biologist at Tucson Audubon.</i><br /><br /><br /> <br /> <br /><br /><p></p>Tucson Audubonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14909205833542750535noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6336484123485799841.post-69261181110010367732023-05-04T09:56:00.000-07:002023-05-04T09:56:00.022-07:00Spring Bird Watching in the Tucson Area<p><b>By Matt Griffiths</b></p><p><b><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFrSHMTDz1Is9UdiuCElvATwllp5yxKTgIjpuD-ImySHQyvY_kIA73iCVO-CcENu81gmeIbryT_d8FCtNvWP8htKGs9uWOocjBsMW2DOjJX9aN_odP-klIzVuOZuOArz0cOIwsvRN2O6LleS66aryeK0-7-aa3HP_X_9ef-1pwJUoSPSxfz1UuUpbp/s2845/Arizona%20Woodpecker_Mick%20Thompson%20(2).jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1897" data-original-width="2845" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFrSHMTDz1Is9UdiuCElvATwllp5yxKTgIjpuD-ImySHQyvY_kIA73iCVO-CcENu81gmeIbryT_d8FCtNvWP8htKGs9uWOocjBsMW2DOjJX9aN_odP-klIzVuOZuOArz0cOIwsvRN2O6LleS66aryeK0-7-aa3HP_X_9ef-1pwJUoSPSxfz1UuUpbp/w640-h426/Arizona%20Woodpecker_Mick%20Thompson%20(2).jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Arizona Woodpecker is one of seven woodpecker species you can find on a day trip up Mt. Lemmon, Mick Thompson</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table></b></p><p>May is a great month to find birds in Southeast Arizona. It’s an overlap time of year when migrating songbirds and shorebirds can still be found as they head north, and most of our breeding species have returned for the summer. And some of these breeding species are considered “specialty birds” for the region, as they are colorful, unique, and found nowhere else in the US! <br /><br />The high diversity of birds in Southeast Arizona is a direct result of the diversity of habitats, and this in turn adds to the fun of the spring season. Right in Tucson, you can look for birds amongst the giant saguaros of the Sonoran Desert valleys, cottonwood riparian forests, oak woodlands and grasslands, and pine/fir forests—all in the same day! <br /><br />The birding and nature photography options are endless. Here are some of Tucson Audubon’s favorite spots to try:<br /></p><h3 style="text-align: left;"><a href="https://www.google.com/maps/place/Catalina+Hwy,+Tucson,+AZ/@32.3481166,-110.7511678,12694m/data=!3m1!1e3!4m6!3m5!1s0x86d641d9e0d9a4c9:0xa4718b044f029a32!8m2!3d32.3164223!4d-110.709902!16zL20vMDltdHZr">Mt. Lemmon</a></h3><p>The Santa Catalina Mountains are affectionately known as Mt. Lemmon, its highest peak at 9,171 ft. Exploring the Catalina Highway of Tucson’s very own “Sky Island” makes for an epic day of bird watching and scenic vista gazing. Nowhere else can you drive “from Mexico to Canada” in one hour and see this incredible diversity of bird life. (As a fun example, keep track of the woodpeckers listed here!) Starting down in the desert, you’re surrounded by Cactus Wrens, Ladder-backed Woodpeckers, Gila Woodpeckers, Gilded Flickers, Rufous-winged Sparrows, and Lucy’s Warblers. Leaving the cactus behind, you’ll head into grassland with mixed mesquite and oaks and find Phainopeplas, Scott’s and Hooded Orioles, Blue Grosbeaks, Woodhouse’s Scrub-Jay, and Acorn Woodpeckers. Next in the thicker forest of oak and pine, you may come across Plumbeous Vireo, Bridled Titmouse, Spotted Towhee, Arizona Woodpecker, Dusky-capped Flycatcher, and Mexican Jay. <br /><br />Before going up the mountain even further, be sure to make a stop at Windy Point to admire the view of the valley below and the rocky outcroppings called hoodoos. Next you’re up in the deep forests of pine and Douglas fir, and you may be reminded of being in Canada. Some of the birds will be the same too! The raucous cries of Steller’s Jays fill the treetops, the haunting song of Hermit Thrushes and the friendly calls of Mountain Chickadees envelop you. But, this is Southeast Arizona, so keep an eye and ear out for specialty birds such as Red-faced, Olive, and Grace’s Warblers, Yellow-eyed Juncos, or a rare Short-tailed Hawk. And if you’re keeping score in the woodpecker game, yes, there are Hairy Woodpeckers and Northern Flickers at the top of Mt. Lemmon. Seven woodpeckers on this trip! This is a full day—enjoy a meal in Summerhaven, and if you start down the mountain at dusk or in the dark there are many owls you could pick up! No doubt a story for another time.<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgZijVQ6T7bd57Oq97fXcnAt_QwUpHrMnd4XPyX9k1kdkA5Mpstu3jIJJgJXMe2kgemBfYf0ErI2MRODhH7mp9rBiscTzkc_4tUIFmNJ5IjWX8L1g_8bi631F7uY-W2b1S7n4Y-x3D1t39xJTNOxWV3dS6H46KzW3P18mobQzcYPv4tVz2ztYAl5sLU/s2048/Green%20Heron_Hemant%20Kishan.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1363" data-original-width="2048" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgZijVQ6T7bd57Oq97fXcnAt_QwUpHrMnd4XPyX9k1kdkA5Mpstu3jIJJgJXMe2kgemBfYf0ErI2MRODhH7mp9rBiscTzkc_4tUIFmNJ5IjWX8L1g_8bi631F7uY-W2b1S7n4Y-x3D1t39xJTNOxWV3dS6H46KzW3P18mobQzcYPv4tVz2ztYAl5sLU/w640-h426/Green%20Heron_Hemant%20Kishan.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>If you’re lucky, you can spot a Green Heron lurking in the reeds at Sweetwater Wetlands, Hemant Kishan</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><h3 style="text-align: left;"><a href="https://www.google.com/maps/place/Sweetwater+Wetlands+Park/@32.2796666,-111.0208989,15z/data=!4m6!3m5!1s0x86d6743f96fa016b:0xba7b90b5c7bca768!8m2!3d32.2796666!4d-111.0208989!16s%2Fg%2F1tj91_82">Sweetwater Wetlands</a></h3><p>If you’re pressed for time and only have a morning to spend looking for birds, Sweetwater Wetlands is always a good bet. Located right in Tucson with easy freeway access, the wetlands are an oasis of human-made riparian habitat. Wander under the shade-giving cottonwood and willow trees to look for waterfowl amongst the reeds. Lingering ducks, Marsh Wrens, Common Yellow-throats, Green Herons, Brown-crested Flycatchers, and Abert’s Towhees are just a few of the water-loving species to be found. Rarer birds such as Tropical Kingbird, Mexican Duck, American Bittern, and Gray Hawk sometimes show up. Check the tops of the tallest trees for regular desert riparian birds like Summer Tanager, Bullock’s Oriole, Yellow Warbler, other late migrating warblers, and maybe even a Thick-billed Kingbird if you’re lucky! <br /><br />Tucson Audubon has led Wednesday morning bird walks at Sweetwater for many years. Sign up for one of these and let us show you the birds! See <a href="https://tucsonaudubon.org/field-trips">tucsonaudubon.org/field-trips</a> for the latest.</p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1ZbvjL9mWge9DeqGdhedsIf1Lred8jf_b45htFea2_nM_p5lW2tQDUJrBjLw_Wk2rTPBBEK9CYv0QKQB599sguv-9G4TLZdivi5gqZpTRT4trahgJFHZMMzlCeIFrTLcBrjf5k6b_SvYf1ymvRVPedEIxdS_NtvMYjTJD_cORQ8oh1drMuOoCwoHS/s4096/Elegant%20Trogon_Shawn%20Cooper%20(2).jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2731" data-original-width="4096" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1ZbvjL9mWge9DeqGdhedsIf1Lred8jf_b45htFea2_nM_p5lW2tQDUJrBjLw_Wk2rTPBBEK9CYv0QKQB599sguv-9G4TLZdivi5gqZpTRT4trahgJFHZMMzlCeIFrTLcBrjf5k6b_SvYf1ymvRVPedEIxdS_NtvMYjTJD_cORQ8oh1drMuOoCwoHS/w640-h426/Elegant%20Trogon_Shawn%20Cooper%20(2).jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Birders come from across the country to get their “lifer” Elegant Trogon in the cool forests of Madera Canyon, Shawn Cooper</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><h3 style="text-align: left;"><a href="https://www.google.com/maps/place/Madera+Canyon,+AZ/@31.725119,-110.9139056,4928m/data=!3m2!1e3!4b1!4m6!3m5!1s0x86d69773270164f9:0xcd14800f7ebfed1a!8m2!3d31.7250875!4d-110.8800869!16s%2Fg%2F11c2nvkjwm">Madera Canyon</a></h3><p>A great way to spend a long morning is to travel down to the bird-world-famous Madera Canyon and give yourself a chance of seeing the amazing Elegant Trogon. This group of long-tailed and colorfully striking birds ranges down into the tropics, and this specific species is the only one that breeds in the US, and only in Southeast Arizona at that! Birders come from across the country to get their “lifer” Elegant Trogon in the Sky Island mountain ranges of our region, and Madera Canyon is probably the most well-known location to do that. May is the best time to hear the loud barking trogon calls echoing in the canyons amongst the oaks and sycamore trees the bird favors for nest cavities. This is also the time when Tucson Audubon stages the annual trogon survey to monitor the population of this beloved bird. Learn more at <a href="https://aziba.org/?page_id=1994">aziba.org</a>.<br /><br />While hiking to find a trogon may take some effort, a stop at the Santa Rita Lodge is a relaxing and rewarding experience where the birds come to you! The array of feeders is vast and varied, resulting in a riot of bird species from Arizona Woodpeckers to the flock of Wild Turkeys that regularly stops by. The hummingbirds are the stars of the show, and from the benches you can get great looks at Rivoli’s, Broad-billed, Broad-tailed, Black-chinned, and Anna’s Hummingbirds, and in recent years a very rare Berylline Hummingbird has shown up. This is also an easy spot to see specialty birds such as Hepatic Tanager, Scott’s Oriole, Painted Redstart, Sulphur-bellied Flycatcher, and Varied Bunting.<br /></p><h3 style="text-align: left;"><b>Farther Afield</b></h3><p>If you really have time to explore, the region has many more birding hotspots that are worth your effort. The San Pedro River is a world-renowned migration corridor that attracts millions of birds and is a Riparian National Conservation Area. The eastern canyons of the Huachuca Mountains are wild and feeder station experiences where you can find rare birds such as Lucifer and White-eared Hummingbirds. And finally, the Paton Center for Hummingbirds in Patagonia, owned and run by Tucson Audubon, is a showcase for habitat restoration and is also the easiest place in the US to see the Violet-crowned Hummingbird.<br /><br /><b>Learn more about the exciting birds of Southeast Arizona at <a href="https://tucsonaudubon.org/meet-your-birds/">tucsonaudubon.org</a>.</b></p><p><i></i></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><i><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisKw6zz2SyWM1YT9dNhkUx6uERDE0nqzsNG87SzFTU3DWnvDZjXMWYB_jdGJIzOISSLVnJJgYSVPEGiG7_ndOhu7a2lyNtk2astIMR_ImR20Aa_EWGBo6OQZcwcEMyK21qLEw9zSGRekqxNVLB7N2i6dYuGqdNXoAUHfRMkm4PijUnROhyRtKXQE88/s400/Matt-Griffiths.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="400" data-original-width="400" height="143" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisKw6zz2SyWM1YT9dNhkUx6uERDE0nqzsNG87SzFTU3DWnvDZjXMWYB_jdGJIzOISSLVnJJgYSVPEGiG7_ndOhu7a2lyNtk2astIMR_ImR20Aa_EWGBo6OQZcwcEMyK21qLEw9zSGRekqxNVLB7N2i6dYuGqdNXoAUHfRMkm4PijUnROhyRtKXQE88/w143-h143/Matt-Griffiths.png" width="143" /></a></i></div><i><br />Matt Griffiths is Communications Coordinator for Tucson Audubon. </i><br /><br /><p></p>Tucson Audubonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14909205833542750535noreply@blogger.com0